Catholic Foundations - Final Exam

Catholic Foundations - Final Exam

• Trinity: One God in three persons (Father, Son, Holy Spirit)
• Bible: Two main parts: Old Testament (46 books) and New Testament (27 books). Total Catholic Bible books: 73
• Gospel Writers: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John
• Incarnation: God becoming human (Christmas)
• Resurrection: Jesus rising from the dead (Easter)
• Ascension: Jesus returning body and soul to heaven (40 days after Easter)
• Pentecost: Holy Spirit descending on apostles (50 days after Easter)
• Paschal Mystery: Suffering, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus. It saves people from eternal death and allows for eternal life in heaven.
• Sacraments: Signs instituted by Christ to give God's divine life, including Baptism, Eucharist, Confirmation, Reconciliation, Anointing of the Sick, Matrimony, and Holy Orders
• Sacramentals: Objects used to aid prayer (rosary beads, holy water)
• Sacraments of Initiation: Baptism, Eucharist, Confirmation
• Sacraments of Healing: Reconciliation, Anointing of the Sick
• Sacraments of Service: Matrimony, Holy Orders
• Baptism Matter/Form: Water, Trinitarian Formula
• Confirmation Matter/Form: Sacred Chrism, "I seal you with the gifts of the Holy Spirit."
• Matrimony: Couple ministers the sacrament, priest witnesses
• Liturgy: Official public worship of the Church
• Celebrant: Person leading liturgical celebration (priest or deacon)
• Liturgical Calendar: Follows Jesus' life; Advent (preparing for birth), Christmas, Ordinary Time, Lent (40 days), Easter, etc.
• Advent Vestments: Purple
• Christmas Vestments: White or gold
• Ordinary Time Vestments: Green
• Covenant vs. Contract: Covenant is solemn promise between God/people or a couple in marriage, contract is an exchange of goods or services.
• Lent: 40-day season of preparation for Easter
• Triduum: Last three days of Holy Week (Holy Thursday, Good Friday, Holy Saturday)
• Grace: Undeserved gifts from God
• Baptism Effects: Restores relationship with God, removes Original Sin, permanently marks the recipient.
• Baptism of Blood: if someone martyred in attempt to receive baptism
• Sacraments are Efficacious: They cause a real change in the recipient, effect real change.
• Symbols in Sacraments: Consecration with oil, immersion in water, laying on of hands
• Nature Symbols: Darkness, light, water, fire
• Mass Parts: Introductory Rite, Liturgy of the Word, Liturgy of the Eucharist, Concluding Rite
• Readings: Old Testament & Gospel Readings; Sunday Mass has 3 or more
• Ordination Degrees: Deacon, Priest, Bishop
• Deacon Duties: Preside at Baptism, witness weddings
• Priest Duties: Celebrate Mass, hear confessions, Anointing of the Sick
• Bishop Duties: Sacraments of Confirmation and Holy Orders; Bishop of Rome is the Pope
• Apostolic Succession: Power to transform bread/wine given to the apostles; passed down to priests
• Sin & Free Will: Humans choosing good or evil; God doesn't create evil, but gives free will
• Virgin Mary: Became pregnant in a mystical way through the Holy Spirit
• Pope Election: Cardinals gather in Rome, new pope is elected when white smoke is seen; current Pope Francis
• Original Sin Removal: At Baptism (primary effect)
• Sacrament of Reconciliation: Confession or Penance; forgiveness of sins.
• Deposit of Faith: Combined teaching of the Church (Scripture and Tradition).
• Pre-Cana Retreat: Marriage preparation for couples
• FOCCUS Test: Used in marriage preparation in the Catholic Church
• Viaticum: Eucharist given to a dying person
• Transubstantiation: Actual transformation of bread/wine into the Body and Blood of Jesus
• Revelation: Ways God revealed Himself to humans
• Magisterium: Pope and Bishops; teaching office of the Church
• Ash Wednesday: First day of Lent
• Eucharist: Real presence of Jesus in the Eucharist (body, blood, soul, and divinity).