Cathode Ray Tubes and Atomic Theory

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What is the purpose of the vacuum pump in a cathode ray discharge tube?

To remove air from the tube, allowing for easier electrical discharge. (correct)

To generate the high voltage needed for the electrical discharge.

To create a high pressure environment for the electrical discharge.

To prevent the cathode rays from escaping the tube.

What is the charge of the particles that make up cathode rays?

Neutral

Negative (correct)

The charge varies depending on the gas used.

Positive

What is the direction of flow of cathode rays in a cathode ray discharge tube?

From the cathode to the anode (correct)

In a circular path around the cathode

The direction depends on the polarity of the applied voltage.

From the anode to the cathode

What happens when cathode rays strike a fluorescent material?

The material emits light, making it visible. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a question that was posed about the nature of atoms, based on the content provided?

How to determine the number of protons in an atom. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the negatively charged particle found in cathode rays?

Electrons (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a condition necessary for the production of cathode rays?

High pressure (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the fluorescent coating on the back of the cathode ray tube?

To detect the location of the cathode rays (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are cathode rays detected?

By their interaction with a fluorescent material (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary significance of the discovery of cathode rays in the development of atomic theory?

It demonstrated the divisibility of atoms (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a property of canal rays?

They move in a curved path. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process that involves metals emitting electrons when heated?

Thermoionic emission (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of the particles in canal rays?

Positive (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why canal rays are not called anode rays?

They are not produced at the anode. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was Goldstein's major contribution to the understanding of atoms?

He observed and described canal rays. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are canal rays deflected in an electric field?

They are composed of positively charged particles. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the formation of canal rays in a discharge tube?

The ionization of gas atoms by the applied potential. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a property of canal rays?

They are deflected by a magnetic field. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of canal rays in a discharge tube?

Towards the cathode. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the properties of canal rays?

They have a higher penetrating power than cathode rays. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the penetrating power of the given rays, which of these statements is true?

γ-rays have the highest penetrating power and can penetrate through thick lead sheets. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rays do NOT have a charge?

γ-rays (B), X-rays (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these processes involves electrons striking a dense metal anode?

Production of X-rays (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of radioactivity?

Becquerel (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a property of neutrons?

They are deflected by magnetic fields. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the reaction 2He⁴ + ⁴Be⁹ → n¹ + ⁶C¹², what is the identity of the particle represented by n¹?

Neutron (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate mass of a neutron compared to a proton?

The neutron has approximately the same mass as a proton. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key experimental method used in the discovery of neutrons?

Bombarding light elements with alpha particles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the energy and the velocity of neutrons?

Neutrons with higher energy have higher velocity. (B) Signup and view all the answers