40 Questions
What are the two main classifications of communication strategies according to some researchers?
L1-based and L2-based strategies
What are non-verbal or non-linguistic strategies?
Gestures and mimes
What are reduction strategies in communication?
Strategies employed to avoid sending the intended message
What are achievement strategies in communication?
Speaker’s attempts to send the message by using different communication strategies such as code switching or paraphrase
What are communication strategies?
Strategies used by all language users to communicate effectively
What is paraphrasing in communication?
Rewording the message in an alternate, acceptable target language construction
What are the three subcategories of paraphrasing?
Approximation, synonymy, and circumlocution
What is approximation in paraphrasing?
Using vocabulary that shares semantic features with the desired item
What is synonymy in paraphrasing?
Using a word or phrase that has the same meaning as the desired item
What is circumlocution in paraphrasing?
Using a longer, more descriptive phrase to convey the meaning of the desired item
What is word coinage in language learning?
Word coinage occurs when learners make up new words in order to communicate a desired concept.
What is circumlocution in language learning?
Circumlocution is when learners describe the characteristics of an object or action instead of using the appropriate target language structure.
What is literal translation in language learning?
Literal translation occurs when learners translate word for word from the native language.
What is foreignising in language learning?
Foreignising is the creation of non-existent or inappropriate target language items by applying L2 morphology and/or phonology to L1 lexical items.
What is generalisation in language learning?
Generalisation is when language learners use superordinate term to refer to its hyponym.
What are avoidance strategies in language learning?
Avoidance strategies are used by learners when they lack the linguistic knowledge about the topic perceived as problematic, which they either avoid or are unable to continue talking about.
What is code-switching in language learning?
Code-switching is switching from L2 to L1 and may be used when communicating with others in foreign language.
What are achievement strategies in language learning?
Achievement strategies are other strategies used by learners, including asking the speaker to explain or repeat a previous statement or to supply a lexical item needed, using all-purpose words or fillers/hesitation devices.
What is miming, gesturing and sound-imitation in language learning?
Miming, gesturing and sound-imitation refer to the learner's using non-verbal strategies in place of a meaning structure.
What is language switch in language learning?
Language switch is when learners insert words or phrases in a language other than the target language.
All language users make use of communication strategies, even in their first language.
True
L1-based strategies are related to the target language.
False
Non-linguistic strategies, such as gestures and mimes, are not considered communication strategies.
False
Reduction strategies are speaker's attempts to send the message by using different communication strategies.
False
Paraphrasing includes three subcategories: approximation, circumlocution, and generalization.
False
Successful communication strategies usually pass unnoticed.
True
Miming, gesturing, and sound-imitation are examples of non-verbal communication strategies.
True
Code-switching is an example of an achievement strategy in language learning.
True
Word coinage is an example of an L1-based strategy.
False
Topic avoidance is an example of an achievement strategy in communication.
False
Word coinage occurs when learners make up new words in order to communicate a desired concept.
True
Circumlocution is when learners use the appropriate target language structure to describe an object or action.
False
Literal translation is when learners translate word for word from the native language.
True
Miming, gesturing, and sound-imitation are all verbal strategies used by language learners.
False
Achievement strategies are used by learners to avoid difficult topics in conversation.
False
Code-switching refers to switching from L1 to L2 when communicating in a foreign language.
False
Foreignising is when a learner creates non-existent or inappropriate target language items by applying L1 morphology and/or phonology to L2 lexical items.
False
Generalisation is when language learners use a hyponym to refer to its superordinate term.
False
Learners may use fillers/hesitation devices such as 'well' or 'let me think' as a communication strategy.
True
Avoidance strategies are used by learners when they lack linguistic knowledge about a topic that is perceived as problematic.
True
"Test Your Knowledge: Categorizing Strategies of Communication" - Challenge your understanding of communication strategies with this quiz. Explore the different categories, including L1-based and L2-based strategies, and learn how they impact communication. Sharpen your skills and increase your knowledge with this informative quiz.
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