Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of a cast?
What is the primary purpose of a cast?
Which type of cast extends from the axillary fold to the proximal palmar crease?
Which type of cast extends from the axillary fold to the proximal palmar crease?
What is the primary difference between a short-arm cast and a short-arm thumb spica cast?
What is the primary difference between a short-arm cast and a short-arm thumb spica cast?
Which type of cast is reinforced for strength to allow walking?
Which type of cast is reinforced for strength to allow walking?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the position of the foot in a short-leg cast?
What is the position of the foot in a short-leg cast?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of bi-valving or splitting a cast?
What is the purpose of bi-valving or splitting a cast?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of early diagnosis of compartment syndrome?
What is the primary goal of early diagnosis of compartment syndrome?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is it essential to delay wound closure after emergency fasciotomy?
Why is it essential to delay wound closure after emergency fasciotomy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary role of the nurse in post-operative care?
What is the primary role of the nurse in post-operative care?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary benefit of emergency fasciotomy?
What is the primary benefit of emergency fasciotomy?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is it crucial to diagnose compartment syndrome early?
Why is it crucial to diagnose compartment syndrome early?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of using assistive devices such as crutches in patient care?
What is the primary purpose of using assistive devices such as crutches in patient care?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of countertraction in patient care?
What is the purpose of countertraction in patient care?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is it essential to ensure the patient is in good body alignment when applying traction?
Why is it essential to ensure the patient is in good body alignment when applying traction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of skeletal traction?
What is the purpose of skeletal traction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary principle of effective traction?
What is the primary principle of effective traction?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of traction is applied in a straight line with the body part resting on the bed?
What type of traction is applied in a straight line with the body part resting on the bed?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of cast is used for shoulder dislocations or after surgery on the shoulder area?
What type of cast is used for shoulder dislocations or after surgery on the shoulder area?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main difference between a Unilateral Hip Spica Cast and a One-and-one-half Hip Spica Cast?
What is the main difference between a Unilateral Hip Spica Cast and a One-and-one-half Hip Spica Cast?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the advantage of using plaster of Paris as a cast material?
What is the advantage of using plaster of Paris as a cast material?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of a wet plaster cast?
What is a characteristic of a wet plaster cast?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a difference between a Bilateral Hip Spica Cast and a Unilateral Hip Spica Cast?
What is a difference between a Bilateral Hip Spica Cast and a Unilateral Hip Spica Cast?
Signup and view all the answers
How long does it take for a plaster of Paris cast to dry?
How long does it take for a plaster of Paris cast to dry?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of countertraction in Balanced Suspension Traction?
What is the primary function of countertraction in Balanced Suspension Traction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main advantage of Russel Traction?
What is the main advantage of Russel Traction?
Signup and view all the answers
In Bryant's Traction, why are both legs raised at a 90-degree angle to the bed?
In Bryant's Traction, why are both legs raised at a 90-degree angle to the bed?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of flexing the hips at 20-30 degrees in Russel Traction?
What is the purpose of flexing the hips at 20-30 degrees in Russel Traction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended practice for pin site care in the first 48 hours?
What is the recommended practice for pin site care in the first 48 hours?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of the footplate in Thomas Splint with Pearson Attachment?
What is the purpose of the footplate in Thomas Splint with Pearson Attachment?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Acute Compartment Syndrome Management
- Immobilize the leg with the ankle in slight plantar flexion
- Release pressure from the cast using bi-valving or splitting
- Administer analgesics as ordered
- Institute renal protective measures, such as isotonic fluid infusion for hypovolemia and NaHCO3 to alkalinize urine
- Administer mannitol IV if urine output is less than 300mL/hr
Emergency Fasciotomy
- Surgical incision of the fascia is the only effective way to treat acute compartment syndrome
- Early diagnosis of compartment syndrome is crucial, as tissue damage becomes irreversible 4 to 6 hours after increased compartment pressure
- Delayed closure of the wound 3-5 days after to allow edema to subside
Post-Operative Activity
- Limit weight bearing immediately post-op, requiring the use of assistive devices such as crutches
- Instruct and reinforce safe crutch walking
- Monitor pain control status and facilitate pain management as needed
- Coordinate with physical therapist for ROM and flexibility exercises
Casts and Cast Care
- A cast is a rigid external immobilizing device molded to the contours of the body
- Purposes of a cast: immobilization, correction or prevention of deformity, and application of uniform pressure to underlying soft tissue
- Types of casts: short-arm, short-arm thumb spica, long-arm, short-leg, long-leg, walking cast, and bilateral hip spica cast
Traction
- Traction uses a pulling force to promote and maintain alignment to an injured part of the body
- Purposes of traction: decrease muscle spasms and pain, realign bone fractures, and correct or prevent deformities
- Types of traction: skin traction, skeletal traction, straight (running) traction, and balanced suspension traction
- Principles of effective traction: continuous traction, good body alignment, unobstructed ropes, and freely hanging weights
Cast Materials
- Plaster of Paris: requires clean, room temperature water during application, achieves a better mold than fiberglass, but is heavy and not water-resistant, and takes up to 24 to 72 hours to dry
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on casts, a rigid external immobilizing device used to immobilize fractures, correct deformities, and support weakened joints. Learn about different types of casts, including short-arm and long-arm casts.