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Questions and Answers
What is the main advantage of using external CSS?
What is the main advantage of using external CSS?
- It is easier to write than inline styles.
- It overrides all other styles.
- It allows for consistent styling across multiple pages. (correct)
- It applies styles to a specific page only.
Inline styles have the lowest priority in CSS.
Inline styles have the lowest priority in CSS.
False (B)
What is the best practice for naming a CSS file?
What is the best practice for naming a CSS file?
styles.css
In the CSS cascading order, internal and external styles come ______ inline styles.
In the CSS cascading order, internal and external styles come ______ inline styles.
Where do you place internal CSS in an HTML document?
Where do you place internal CSS in an HTML document?
What is the primary role of CSS in web development?
What is the primary role of CSS in web development?
Match the following CSS methods with their descriptions:
Match the following CSS methods with their descriptions:
Block elements in HTML start on a new line and take up the full width available.
Block elements in HTML start on a new line and take up the full width available.
What are the two components of a CSS rule?
What are the two components of a CSS rule?
The last style defined in multiple stylesheets is the one that applies to an element.
The last style defined in multiple stylesheets is the one that applies to an element.
What is the purpose of the tag in an HTML document?
What is the purpose of the tag in an HTML document?
The CSS property for changing text color is called __________.
The CSS property for changing text color is called __________.
Match the following types of HTML elements with their descriptions:
Match the following types of HTML elements with their descriptions:
Which method should be used sparingly when applying CSS styles?
Which method should be used sparingly when applying CSS styles?
CSS declarations must always be included inside curly brackets.
CSS declarations must always be included inside curly brackets.
Name one property that can be styled using CSS.
Name one property that can be styled using CSS.
What should the id attribute in an HTML document be?
What should the id attribute in an HTML document be?
Class selectors are used to style individual HTML elements.
Class selectors are used to style individual HTML elements.
What symbol do you prepend to an id name in CSS?
What symbol do you prepend to an id name in CSS?
The CSS selector that applies styles to all elements on the page is called the __________ selector.
The CSS selector that applies styles to all elements on the page is called the __________ selector.
Match the following selectors with their descriptions:
Match the following selectors with their descriptions:
The general sibling selector will only select the first sibling element that follows the specified element.
The general sibling selector will only select the first sibling element that follows the specified element.
The child selector can select any descendant of a specified element.
The child selector can select any descendant of a specified element.
Which CSS declaration would you use to change the text color of all h1, h2, and h3 elements to blue?
Which CSS declaration would you use to change the text color of all h1, h2, and h3 elements to blue?
What does the descendant selector do in CSS?
What does the descendant selector do in CSS?
Which of the following is a rule for naming class names?
Which of the following is a rule for naming class names?
What color will the links become if you apply the CSS rule 'li > a { color: red; }'?
What color will the links become if you apply the CSS rule 'li > a { color: red; }'?
The adjacent sibling selector is represented by the symbol ______.
The adjacent sibling selector is represented by the symbol ______.
Match the CSS selector with its description:
Match the CSS selector with its description:
Which property type does NOT usually inherit from parent to child elements?
Which property type does NOT usually inherit from parent to child elements?
If a
has a solid border set, all its child elements will also display a solid border.
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If a
What color will be applied to paragraphs that immediately follow an
based on the selector 'h1 + p'?
What color will be applied to paragraphs that immediately follow an
based on the selector 'h1 + p'?
What keyword is used to inherit a property from a parent in CSS?
What keyword is used to inherit a property from a parent in CSS?
The unset keyword is used to apply a property to a child element.
The unset keyword is used to apply a property to a child element.
Give an example of a CSS property that could be set globally for the body element.
Give an example of a CSS property that could be set globally for the body element.
If two selectors are identical, the one that appears ______ will take precedence.
If two selectors are identical, the one that appears ______ will take precedence.
Match the following CSS selectors with their specificity:
Match the following CSS selectors with their specificity:
What does the !important declaration do in CSS?
What does the !important declaration do in CSS?
What color will the text of the 'i' tag take when both color properties are defined?
What color will the text of the 'i' tag take when both color properties are defined?
What property can be set to control the font size of a paragraph in CSS?
What property can be set to control the font size of a paragraph in CSS?
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Study Notes
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
- CSS adds styling to HTML elements, controlling colors, fonts, layout, and backgrounds.
- CSS makes webpages responsive to different screen sizes, maintaining the same HTML structure.
Understanding CSS
- CSS manipulates HTML elements as if they were contained in an invisible box.
- Block elements start on new lines and take up the full available width (eg.
<div>,<p>,<header>,<footer>). - Inline elements stay on the same line as neighbors and only use the space they need (eg.
<span>,<a>,<b>,<i>).
Styling Elements
- CSS rules contain selectors that target elements and declarations that define the style.
- Declarations have a property and a value, separated by a colon.
- For example,
p { color: red; }would make all paragraph (<p>) elements have red text.
Different Ways to Add CSS
- Inline CSS uses the
styleattribute directly on the element to apply styles, but this is considered bad practice as it clutters the HTML (<p style="color: red;">This is red text</p>). - Internal CSS places styles within the
<head>section's<style>tag, affecting only the current page. - External CSS is the best approach when you have multiple pages that require the same styles. Styles are written in a separate
.cssfile and linked using the<link>tag in the<head>section of the HTML document.
Multiple Style Sheets
- Multiple CSS files can be used in a project, and the last style read takes priority if the same property is defined in different stylesheets.
- CSS follows a cascading order from highest to lowest priority:
- Inline styles
- Internal and external stylesheets
- Browser defaults
Styling Individual Elements
- ID Selectors (
#idName) target specific elements using theidattribute, unique to each element on the page. - Class Selectors (
.className) target groups of elements with the same class name defined in theclassattribute. - Universal Selector (
*) applies styles to all elements on the page. - Type Selector (
tagName) targets elements by their HTML tag name. - Child Selector (
parent > child) targets direct children of a specific parent element. - Descendant Selector (
ancestor descendant) targets elements nested anywhere within a specified element. - Adjacent Sibling Selector (
a+b) targets an element that immediately follows another element. - General Sibling Selector (
a~b) targets all elements that are siblings of a specified element (rarely used).
CSS Inheritance
- Certain properties, mostly text-related, are inherited from parent to child elements.
- Properties like background color, width, height, border, and positioning are not automatically inherited.
- The
inheritkeyword allows a property to inherit from its parent. - The
unsetkeyword prevents a property from inheriting from its parent.
How CSS Rules Cascade
- Last Rule: When multiple selectors are identical, the last one defined takes precedence.
- Specificity: More specific selectors (like
h1orp#info) have higher priority than less specific ones (like*orp). - !important Rule: Adding
!importantafter a property value makes it override all other rules targeting the same element.
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