Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
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Questions and Answers

What is the main advantage of using external CSS?

  • It is easier to write than inline styles.
  • It overrides all other styles.
  • It allows for consistent styling across multiple pages. (correct)
  • It applies styles to a specific page only.

    • Inline styles have the lowest priority in CSS.

    False

    What is the best practice for naming a CSS file?

    styles.css

    In the CSS cascading order, internal and external styles come ______ inline styles.

    <p>after</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do you place internal CSS in an HTML document?

    <head> section Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of CSS in web development?

    <p>To enhance the visual appearance of websites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following CSS methods with their descriptions:

    <p>Inline CSS = Styles applied directly to HTML elements Internal CSS = Styles defined within a &lt;style> tag External CSS = Styles stored in a separate .css file Cascading Order = Priority order for style application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Block elements in HTML start on a new line and take up the full width available.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two components of a CSS rule?

    <p>Selector and declaration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The last style defined in multiple stylesheets is the one that applies to an element.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the tag in an HTML document?

    <p>To link to an external CSS file.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The CSS property for changing text color is called __________.

    <p>color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of HTML elements with their descriptions:

    <p>Block Elements = Take up full width and start on a new line Inline Elements = Stay on the same line as neighbors CSS Rule = Selector paired with declarations Inline CSS = Styling directly on an HTML element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method should be used sparingly when applying CSS styles?

    <p>Inline CSS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CSS declarations must always be included inside curly brackets.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one property that can be styled using CSS.

    <p>font-family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the id attribute in an HTML document be?

    <p>It must be unique to each element on the page.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Class selectors are used to style individual HTML elements.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symbol do you prepend to an id name in CSS?

    <h1></h1> Signup and view all the answers

    The CSS selector that applies styles to all elements on the page is called the __________ selector.

    <p>universal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following selectors with their descriptions:

    <p>ID selector = Applies styles to a single unique element Class selector = Applies styles to multiple elements Type selector = Targets elements by their tag name Universal selector = Applies to all elements on the page</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The general sibling selector will only select the first sibling element that follows the specified element.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The child selector can select any descendant of a specified element.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which CSS declaration would you use to change the text color of all h1, h2, and h3 elements to blue?

    <p>h1, h2, h3 { color: blue; }</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the descendant selector do in CSS?

    <p>Selects all elements nested within another specified element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a rule for naming class names?

    <p>They are case-sensitive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color will the links become if you apply the CSS rule 'li > a { color: red; }'?

    <p>red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The adjacent sibling selector is represented by the symbol ______.

    <ul> <li></li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the CSS selector with its description:

    <p>div &gt; a = Selects links that are direct children of a <div> ul a = Selects all <a> elements nested within <ul> h1 + p = Selects the <p> that comes immediately after <h1> div ~ p = Selects all <p> elements that are siblings of <div></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property type does NOT usually inherit from parent to child elements?

    <p>Background color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a

    has a solid border set, all its child elements will also display a solid border.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color will be applied to paragraphs that immediately follow an

    based on the selector 'h1 + p'?

    <p>blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What keyword is used to inherit a property from a parent in CSS?

    <p>inherit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The unset keyword is used to apply a property to a child element.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give an example of a CSS property that could be set globally for the body element.

    <p>font-family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If two selectors are identical, the one that appears ______ will take precedence.

    <p>last</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following CSS selectors with their specificity:

    <p>h1 = More specific</p> <ul> <li>= Least specific p &gt; b = More specific than p p#info = Most specific</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the !important declaration do in CSS?

    <p>It overrides all other rules that apply to the element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color will the text of the 'i' tag take when both color properties are defined?

    <p>red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property can be set to control the font size of a paragraph in CSS?

    <p>font-size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

    • CSS adds styling to HTML elements, controlling colors, fonts, layout, and backgrounds.
    • CSS makes webpages responsive to different screen sizes, maintaining the same HTML structure.

    Understanding CSS

    • CSS manipulates HTML elements as if they were contained in an invisible box.
    • Block elements start on new lines and take up the full available width (eg. <div>, <p>, <header>, <footer>).
    • Inline elements stay on the same line as neighbors and only use the space they need (eg. <span>, <a>, <b>, <i>).

    Styling Elements

    • CSS rules contain selectors that target elements and declarations that define the style.
    • Declarations have a property and a value, separated by a colon.
    • For example, p { color: red; } would make all paragraph (<p>) elements have red text.

    Different Ways to Add CSS

    • Inline CSS uses the style attribute directly on the element to apply styles, but this is considered bad practice as it clutters the HTML (<p style="color: red;">This is red text</p>).
    • Internal CSS places styles within the <head> section's <style> tag, affecting only the current page.
    • External CSS is the best approach when you have multiple pages that require the same styles. Styles are written in a separate .css file and linked using the <link> tag in the <head> section of the HTML document.

    Multiple Style Sheets

    • Multiple CSS files can be used in a project, and the last style read takes priority if the same property is defined in different stylesheets.
    • CSS follows a cascading order from highest to lowest priority:
      • Inline styles
      • Internal and external stylesheets
      • Browser defaults

    Styling Individual Elements

    • ID Selectors (#idName) target specific elements using the id attribute, unique to each element on the page.
    • Class Selectors (.className) target groups of elements with the same class name defined in the class attribute.
    • Universal Selector (*) applies styles to all elements on the page.
    • Type Selector (tagName) targets elements by their HTML tag name.
    • Child Selector (parent > child) targets direct children of a specific parent element.
    • Descendant Selector (ancestor descendant) targets elements nested anywhere within a specified element.
    • Adjacent Sibling Selector (a+b) targets an element that immediately follows another element.
    • General Sibling Selector (a~b) targets all elements that are siblings of a specified element (rarely used).

    CSS Inheritance

    • Certain properties, mostly text-related, are inherited from parent to child elements.
    • Properties like background color, width, height, border, and positioning are not automatically inherited.
    • The inherit keyword allows a property to inherit from its parent.
    • The unset keyword prevents a property from inheriting from its parent.

    How CSS Rules Cascade

    • Last Rule: When multiple selectors are identical, the last one defined takes precedence.
    • Specificity: More specific selectors (like h1 or p#info) have higher priority than less specific ones (like * or p).
    • !important Rule: Adding !important after a property value makes it override all other rules targeting the same element.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of CSS, including styling HTML elements, responsive design, and the distinction between block and inline elements. Test your knowledge on CSS rules, selectors, and various methods of applying styles to web pages.

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