CAS 100 Chapter 3 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Define communication.

It is the transactional process of simultaneously creating, interpreting, and negotiating shared meaning through interaction.

List and explain the five major characteristics of communication.

Symbolic, personal, transactional process, shared meaning is the responsibility of all members, and involves content and relational dimensions.

Communication is symbolic.

True

Communication is personal.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Communication is a transactional process.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the content and relational dimensions of communication?

<p>The content dimension is the ideas or the 'what' of the message, while the relational dimension is how the message is expressed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is shared meaning in communication?

<p>Members have to work together for mutual understanding, though perfect understanding is impossible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between listening and hearing?

<p>Listening is an active process of perceiving, interpreting, deciding what it means, and responding; hearing is just receiving sound waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four listening preferences?

<p>People-oriented</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe people-oriented listeners.

<p>They focus on how their listening affects relationships, are attentive and nonjudgmental, but may get distracted from group tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe action-oriented listeners.

<p>They focus on the task at hand and help the group stay on track by paying attention to details and giving feedback.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe content-oriented listeners.

<p>They are drawn to credible sources and enjoy analyzing information, but can sometimes slow down group problem-solving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe time-oriented listeners.

<p>They value time management, set meeting times, and discourage lengthy discussions, but may become impatient with spontaneity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe paraphrasing as a technique for active listening.

<p>Paraphrasing is putting in your own words what you believe the other person meant, helping to process and understand information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define a message.

<p>A message is any sound, action, or word in interaction that is interpreted as a whole by another person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain four ways to use language for maximum effectiveness in small groups.

<p>Adjust to the symbolic nature of language, organize your remarks, be sensitive to the emotions of others, and follow group rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the principles and functions of nonverbal communication?

<p>Nonverbal behaviors are ambiguous, continuous, and often more influential than verbal messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

People cannot stop sending nonverbal behaviors.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

When verbal and nonverbal behaviors clash, people believe the ______.

<p>nonverbal behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major categories of nonverbal communication?

<p>Appearance, space and seating, facial expression and eye contact, movements, voice, and timing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does computer-mediated communication (CMC) compare to face-to-face communication (FtF) in a group?

<p>In CMC, it's harder to understand meanings due to lack of nonverbal cues, potentially leading to misinterpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Communication Overview

  • Communication is a transactional process that involves creating, interpreting, and negotiating shared meaning through interaction.
  • Major characteristics of communication: symbolic, personal, transactional, shared meaning as a collective responsibility, and comprising content and relational dimensions.

Characteristics of Communication

  • Symbolic Nature: Utilizes verbal and nonverbal messages (gestures, sounds, actions) to convey meaning.
  • Personal Aspect: Meanings arise from individuals, not just words; interpretations can vary among people.
  • Transactional Process: All participants simultaneously send and receive messages, collaboratively fostering mutual understanding.
  • Content and Relational Dimensions:
    • Content: The ideas conveyed in the message.
    • Relational: How the message delivery reflects the relationship between the communicator and the audience.
  • Shared Meaning: Successful communication requires cooperative effort, though complete understanding is often unachievable.

Listening Skills

  • Distinction between listening and hearing:
    • Listening: An active process involving message perception, interpretation, and response.
    • Hearing: The passive reception of sound waves.
  • Listening preferences include:
    • People-oriented listeners: Prioritize relationships and are attentive but may lose focus on tasks.
    • Action-oriented listeners: Stay task-focused, ensuring goals are met but may be overly critical or interruptive.
    • Content-oriented listeners: Analyze information critically and enjoy credible sources but can slow down group discussions.
    • Time-oriented listeners: Value efficiency and time management, potentially dismissing lengthy conversations.

Communication Techniques

  • Paraphrasing: Rephrasing a message in one’s own words to demonstrate understanding; enhances active listening capabilities.
  • Message Definition: A message encompasses any interpretative sound, action, or word, whether verbal or nonverbal, understood as a whole by the receiver.

Effective Language Use

  • Influence of language:
    • Adjust to symbolic language, avoiding misunderstandings by being precise.
    • Organize remarks logically to maintain focus and coherence.
    • Be sensitive to others' emotions to foster positive interactions.
    • Follow group-specific language and communication norms for professionalism.

Nonverbal Communication

  • Nonverbal behaviors can be ambiguous and context-dependent, impacting meaning considerably.
  • Constant transmission of nonverbal cues occurs, even in silence.
  • In cases where verbal and nonverbal cues conflict, nonverbal signals often take precedence in meaning.
  • Functions of nonverbal communication include:
    • Clarifying verbal messages, indicating relationships between people, emphasizing or substituting verbal communication, and regulating the interaction flow.

Categories of Nonverbal Communication

  • Major types include:
    • Appearance
    • Space and seating arrangements
    • Facial expressions and eye contact
    • Movements
    • Vocal elements
    • Timing of actions and responses

Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) vs. Face-to-Face (FtF)

  • CMC poses challenges in interpreting meaning due to the absence of nonverbal cues, which can lead to misunderstandings. Messages may require reiteration to ensure comprehension among group members.

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Test your knowledge on the key principles of communication with these flashcards from CAS 100 Chapter 3. Explore definitions, characteristics, and essential concepts of effective communication. Perfect for mastering the fundamentals in this course.

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