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Questions and Answers
Define communication.
Define communication.
It is the transactional process of simultaneously creating, interpreting, and negotiating shared meaning through interaction.
List and explain the five major characteristics of communication.
List and explain the five major characteristics of communication.
Symbolic, personal, transactional process, shared meaning is the responsibility of all members, and involves content and relational dimensions.
Communication is symbolic.
Communication is symbolic.
True
Communication is personal.
Communication is personal.
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Communication is a transactional process.
Communication is a transactional process.
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What are the content and relational dimensions of communication?
What are the content and relational dimensions of communication?
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What is shared meaning in communication?
What is shared meaning in communication?
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What is the difference between listening and hearing?
What is the difference between listening and hearing?
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What are the four listening preferences?
What are the four listening preferences?
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Describe people-oriented listeners.
Describe people-oriented listeners.
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Describe action-oriented listeners.
Describe action-oriented listeners.
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Describe content-oriented listeners.
Describe content-oriented listeners.
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Describe time-oriented listeners.
Describe time-oriented listeners.
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Describe paraphrasing as a technique for active listening.
Describe paraphrasing as a technique for active listening.
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Define a message.
Define a message.
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Explain four ways to use language for maximum effectiveness in small groups.
Explain four ways to use language for maximum effectiveness in small groups.
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What are the principles and functions of nonverbal communication?
What are the principles and functions of nonverbal communication?
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People cannot stop sending nonverbal behaviors.
People cannot stop sending nonverbal behaviors.
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When verbal and nonverbal behaviors clash, people believe the ______.
When verbal and nonverbal behaviors clash, people believe the ______.
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What are the major categories of nonverbal communication?
What are the major categories of nonverbal communication?
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How does computer-mediated communication (CMC) compare to face-to-face communication (FtF) in a group?
How does computer-mediated communication (CMC) compare to face-to-face communication (FtF) in a group?
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Study Notes
Communication Overview
- Communication is a transactional process that involves creating, interpreting, and negotiating shared meaning through interaction.
- Major characteristics of communication: symbolic, personal, transactional, shared meaning as a collective responsibility, and comprising content and relational dimensions.
Characteristics of Communication
- Symbolic Nature: Utilizes verbal and nonverbal messages (gestures, sounds, actions) to convey meaning.
- Personal Aspect: Meanings arise from individuals, not just words; interpretations can vary among people.
- Transactional Process: All participants simultaneously send and receive messages, collaboratively fostering mutual understanding.
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Content and Relational Dimensions:
- Content: The ideas conveyed in the message.
- Relational: How the message delivery reflects the relationship between the communicator and the audience.
- Shared Meaning: Successful communication requires cooperative effort, though complete understanding is often unachievable.
Listening Skills
- Distinction between listening and hearing:
- Listening: An active process involving message perception, interpretation, and response.
- Hearing: The passive reception of sound waves.
- Listening preferences include:
- People-oriented listeners: Prioritize relationships and are attentive but may lose focus on tasks.
- Action-oriented listeners: Stay task-focused, ensuring goals are met but may be overly critical or interruptive.
- Content-oriented listeners: Analyze information critically and enjoy credible sources but can slow down group discussions.
- Time-oriented listeners: Value efficiency and time management, potentially dismissing lengthy conversations.
Communication Techniques
- Paraphrasing: Rephrasing a message in one’s own words to demonstrate understanding; enhances active listening capabilities.
- Message Definition: A message encompasses any interpretative sound, action, or word, whether verbal or nonverbal, understood as a whole by the receiver.
Effective Language Use
- Influence of language:
- Adjust to symbolic language, avoiding misunderstandings by being precise.
- Organize remarks logically to maintain focus and coherence.
- Be sensitive to others' emotions to foster positive interactions.
- Follow group-specific language and communication norms for professionalism.
Nonverbal Communication
- Nonverbal behaviors can be ambiguous and context-dependent, impacting meaning considerably.
- Constant transmission of nonverbal cues occurs, even in silence.
- In cases where verbal and nonverbal cues conflict, nonverbal signals often take precedence in meaning.
- Functions of nonverbal communication include:
- Clarifying verbal messages, indicating relationships between people, emphasizing or substituting verbal communication, and regulating the interaction flow.
Categories of Nonverbal Communication
- Major types include:
- Appearance
- Space and seating arrangements
- Facial expressions and eye contact
- Movements
- Vocal elements
- Timing of actions and responses
Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) vs. Face-to-Face (FtF)
- CMC poses challenges in interpreting meaning due to the absence of nonverbal cues, which can lead to misunderstandings. Messages may require reiteration to ensure comprehension among group members.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the key principles of communication with these flashcards from CAS 100 Chapter 3. Explore definitions, characteristics, and essential concepts of effective communication. Perfect for mastering the fundamentals in this course.
