Cartography and Remote Sensing Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a map in cartography?

  • To create fictional stories
  • To provide geographical information (correct)
  • To decorate walls
  • To store personal memories

    • All map projections accurately represent all properties of the Earth without distortion.

    False

    What is a common geographic coordinate system used in mapping?

    Latitude and Longitude

    The _____ maps show multiple themes, allowing users to analyze spatial distribution of data more easily.

    <p>thematic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following map types with their descriptions:

    <p>Cadastral maps = Show property boundaries Topographical maps = Represent landforms and elevations Thematic maps = Focus on specific data themes Political maps = Display governmental boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor considered in map making?

    <p>Color of the paper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    User-generated content in mapping can increase the risk of inaccuracies.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Ptolemy's map in cartographic history?

    <p>It provided one of the earliest understandings of the world with a systematic approach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cartography, _____ is the science of obtaining geographical information through distance sensing.

    <p>remote sensing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Meridians = Vertical lines measuring distance east to west Parallel = Horizontal lines measuring latitude Scale = Ratio of distance on the map to distance in reality Projection = Method of representing curved surface on flat maps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of geography do time zones primarily relate to?

    <p>Earth's rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The equator is the only line of latitude that is considered a great circle.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for maps that provide information for administrative purposes and land ownership?

    <p>Cadastral maps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Effective communication of geographic information relies on _____.

    <p>standardization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about cartography is accurate?

    <p>Mapping includes both scientific and artistic components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key characteristic of a cylindrical projection?

    <p>It is tangent along a great circle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cylindrical projections create less distortion at the poles than at the equator.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one point of tangency for cylindrical projections.

    <p>Equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A cylindrical projection maps the Earth's surface onto a __________.

    <p>cylinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of map projections with their characteristics:

    <p>Cylindrical = Tangential along the equator Conic = Tangential along a line of latitude Azimuthal = Tangential at a single point Pseudocylindrical = Mixture of cylindrical and elliptical characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant drawback of map projections?

    <p>They can distort shapes and sizes of landmasses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The equator is the only line that experiences no distortion in cylindrical projections.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify one factor that causes distortion in map projections.

    <p>Curvature of the Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ describes the shape of the Earth and is used in map projections.

    <p>geoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms related to map projections with their definitions:

    <p>Distortion = Alteration of the representation of the Earth's surface Projection = Method of converting 3D space onto 2D Tangent = The line or point where the projection touches the globe Latitude = Measurement of distance north or south of the equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms relates to the vertical angle used in projections?

    <p>Azimuth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All cylindrical projections use the same point of tangency for accurate representation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common method for determining Eastings in a projection system?

    <p>Gridding or coordinate system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cylindrical projection, __________ are represented as straight lines.

    <p>meridians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cartography

    • Mapmaking is a tool for the public.
    • Personalized, user-generated content is not authoritative.
    • Examining maps as historical documents is important.
    • Maps can be viewed as works of art.
    • An increase in inaccurate maps created by people without cartographic training increases risk to users.

    Remote Sensing

    • The science of obtaining geographical information through distance, via satellites, is important and widely used.
    • Satellites are critical to creating cadastral property boundaries maps for re-establishment.

    History of Cartography: Early Understandings

    • Ptolemy's map was an early attempt to map the world.
    • Early maps often represented multiple themes, with one set of data representing multiple concepts.
    • Having one theme for one data set makes it easier for the user to examine the spatial distribution of certain data.
    • Jerusalem was frequently shown as the center of the known world in ancient maps.

    Cities and Cartography

    • A common, standardized geographic coordinate system is important for exact location on Earth.
    • A shared geographic coordinate system allows for effective data sharing and communication.
    • Establishing a standardization of data sharing will improve maps and communication.

    The Importance of Latitude and Longitude

    • Latitude and longitude help express location on the Earth.
    • Meridians are lines of longitude that measure distance east to west of the prime meridian.
    • The distance between meridians gets shorter as you move toward the poles.
    • The cosine of latitude is used to determine the distance between meridians at different latitudes.

    Time zones

    • Time zones were established to account for the Earth's rotation.
    • They are helpful to determine the amount of sunlight a region has.
    • Understanding time zones is important for communication purposes.

    Great Circles

    • A Great Circle is any circle on Earth that passes through the center of the Earth.
    • The equator is a Great Circle.
    • Meridians are not Great Circles except for the prime meridian.
    • The shortest distance between two points on Earth's surface is along a Great Circle.

    Map Projections

    • All map projections distort something. There is no perfect projection.
    • Distortions are introduced by the projection process.
    • The goal of map projections is to represent the Earth's curved surface on a flat surface.

    Types of Projections

    • Equal-Area projections maintain the relative sizes of areas but may distort shapes.
    • Conformal projections preserve the shape of small areas but may distort sizes.
    • Compromise projections attempt to minimize distortion in both size and shape.

    Azimuthal Projections

    • These projections have the point of tangency at the North or South Pole.
    • They are useful for showing areas surrounding the poles.
    • They distort shapes and sizes as the distance from the point of tangency increases.

    Cylindrical Projections

    • The Earth is projected onto a cylinder which is then unwrapped to create a flat map.
    • The cylinder can be tangent to the Earth at the equator, a meridian, or elsewhere.
    • Meridians and parallels form a grid on a cylindrical projection.
    • Cylindrical projections are commonly used for world maps.

    Datum

    • A datum is a reference surface used for the Earth's shape.
    • It is an ellipsoid that approximates the shape of the Earth.
    • The geoid is a more accurate representation of the Earth's shape, taking into account the Earth's gravity.

    The North American Datum (NAD)

    • NAD is the reference surface used for maps and surveying in North America.
    • NAD83 is the current version of the datum.
    • NAD is constantly being updated to reflect the Earth's changing shape and location.

    The Geoid

    • The Geoid is a more accurate representation of the Earth's shape than a reference ellipsoid.
    • It is a surface that follows the mean sea level at every point on Earth.
    • The Geoid is used for precise surveying and mapping.

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    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of cartography and remote sensing in this quiz. Delve into the importance of mapmaking, the role of satellites, and the historical development of maps. Discover how maps serve not only as tools but also as art and historical documents.

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