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Questions and Answers
What is an essential consideration when providing bed care for seriously ill patients?
What is an essential consideration when providing bed care for seriously ill patients?
What equipment should a nurse use to prevent occupational infections while caring for a patient?
What equipment should a nurse use to prevent occupational infections while caring for a patient?
Which condition primarily necessitates a functional bed design?
Which condition primarily necessitates a functional bed design?
What is the first defined stage in the formation of pressure bedsores?
What is the first defined stage in the formation of pressure bedsores?
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Which method is recommended for washing a seriously ill patient in bed?
Which method is recommended for washing a seriously ill patient in bed?
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What is the recommended time frame for changing bedding and underwear for a seriously ill patient?
What is the recommended time frame for changing bedding and underwear for a seriously ill patient?
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When a patient's hand is damaged or paralyzed, how should the shirt be removed?
When a patient's hand is damaged or paralyzed, how should the shirt be removed?
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What should be done when changing the underwear of a debilitated patient?
What should be done when changing the underwear of a debilitated patient?
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How is a bedpan disinfected?
How is a bedpan disinfected?
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Which solution is recommended for disinfecting bedpans and urinals?
Which solution is recommended for disinfecting bedpans and urinals?
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What is a primary reason for skin damage or sores in patients?
What is a primary reason for skin damage or sores in patients?
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What should be done to the urinal after use?
What should be done to the urinal after use?
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What type of pad should be placed under the bed sheet for patients with serious conditions experiencing incontinence?
What type of pad should be placed under the bed sheet for patients with serious conditions experiencing incontinence?
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What should the condition of the mattress be for effective patient care?
What should the condition of the mattress be for effective patient care?
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What action is recommended for turning a patient?
What action is recommended for turning a patient?
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Which score on the Norton Scale indicates that a patient is 'at risk' for bedsores?
Which score on the Norton Scale indicates that a patient is 'at risk' for bedsores?
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What is a symptom characteristic of the 1st stage of bedsores?
What is a symptom characteristic of the 1st stage of bedsores?
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What treatment is suggested for the 2nd stage of bedsores?
What treatment is suggested for the 2nd stage of bedsores?
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Which chart assesses bedsores risk based on physical and mental condition?
Which chart assesses bedsores risk based on physical and mental condition?
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What should be used for skin treatment in the 1st stage of bedsores?
What should be used for skin treatment in the 1st stage of bedsores?
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What is a key feature to look for in bedsores during assessment?
What is a key feature to look for in bedsores during assessment?
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What is one of the main issues caused by aphthous ulcers?
What is one of the main issues caused by aphthous ulcers?
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What is a safe practice for ear care to prevent complications?
What is a safe practice for ear care to prevent complications?
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Which of the following tools should not be used when removing ear wax?
Which of the following tools should not be used when removing ear wax?
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During nose care, what is the preferred method for removing dry crusts?
During nose care, what is the preferred method for removing dry crusts?
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What should be done if a patient feels worse during a hygienic bath?
What should be done if a patient feels worse during a hygienic bath?
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What is one of the main licenses for using antiseptic solutions during eye care?
What is one of the main licenses for using antiseptic solutions during eye care?
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Which method is recommended for removing liquid discharge from the nose?
Which method is recommended for removing liquid discharge from the nose?
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What is a recommended frequency for conducting a hygienic bath for patients on prolonged bed rest?
What is a recommended frequency for conducting a hygienic bath for patients on prolonged bed rest?
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What treatment is typically used for pressure sores in the first stage?
What treatment is typically used for pressure sores in the first stage?
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What is a common consequence of untreated dentures?
What is a common consequence of untreated dentures?
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Which of the following is correct about the cleaning of dentures?
Which of the following is correct about the cleaning of dentures?
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In the fourth stage of pressure sores, which method is used to manage necrosis?
In the fourth stage of pressure sores, which method is used to manage necrosis?
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What is a characteristic of halitosis?
What is a characteristic of halitosis?
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Which of the following statements about pressure sores is false?
Which of the following statements about pressure sores is false?
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Why do dentures need to be cleaned regularly?
Why do dentures need to be cleaned regularly?
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What indicates the presence of pus in a pressure sore?
What indicates the presence of pus in a pressure sore?
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Study Notes
Caring For Seriously Ill Patients
- Seriously ill patients may have difficulty performing personal hygiene tasks due to their conditions.
- Nurses should be considerate and discuss procedures with patients when washing, providing bedpans, or urinators.
- Precautionary measures for nurses include using protective equipment like gloves and masks to prevent contact with patient secretions.
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Patient Delivery:
- The method of transporting patients (stretcher, wheelchair, etc.) is determined by the doctor based on the severity of the patient's condition.
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Bed Linen:
- Change bedding and underwear as they become soiled.
- Bed linen is changed weekly, but more frequently as needed.
- Hand Care: When one hand is damaged or paralyzed, remove the shirt sleeve from the healthy hand first, then from the patient's injured hand and wear it the other way around.
- Skin Inspections: Always inspect the skin for pressure bedsores when changing underwear.
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Bedpans and Urinals:
- For debilitated patients, fecal incontinence or urine, a rubber bedpan is used.
- Supply process: The patient's legs are bent and spread, then a gauze napkin is wrapped around the genitals during the process. The urinal is inserted and removed.
- Disinfection: After use, the urinal and bedpan should be disinfected with solutions like Desencon-1, bleach, or chloramine.
Pressure Bedsores (Pressure Ulcers)
- Causes: Pressure sores develop due to prolonged pressure on the skin, often caused by immobility, poor nutrition, and incontinence.
- Risk Assessment: The Waterlow method and the Norton scale are used to assess the risk of developing pressure sores.
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Stages:
- Stage 1: Reddened areas without clear boundaries.
- Stage 2: Blisters form.
- Stage 3: Ulcers appear when blisters burst.
- Stage 4: Necrosis of skin, subcutaneous tissue, and other soft tissues occurs.
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Preventative measures:
- Maintain clean skin.
- Use a resilient mattress and soft, smooth sheets.
- Turn the patient regularly, first raising them slightly before rotating them carefully.
Denture Care
- Dentures contribute to gum irritation, ulcers, and can become a reservoir for Candida if not regularly cleaned.
- Cleaning and Soaking: Dentures should be removed nightly, cleaned, and soaked in a 1% sodium hydrochloride solution to reduce Candida colonization.
Oral Care
- Halitosis: Unpleasant mouth odor due to inadequate oral hygiene.
- Aphthous Ulcers: These painful ulcers can have several causes and typically require a culture for diagnosis.
Eye Care
- Wiping: Eyelashes and eyelids should be wiped with warm water every day for morning toilette.
- Antiseptics: For discharge, use an antiseptic solution.
- Washing: Active patient participation is required for eye washing. This procedure is not performed after surgery or for patients who are immobilized, paralyzed, or in the terminal stage of cachexia.
Ear Care
- Regular care prevents sulfur accumulation in external auditory canals.
- Wash ears regularly with warm water and soap.
- Warning: Avoid using hard objects to remove sulfur as it can damage the eardrum or ear canal, leading to hearing loss or otitis media.
Nose Care
- Seriously ill patients often have discharge from their noses, leading to crust formation.
- Dry Crust Removal: Moisten crusts with oil or petroleum jelly using tweezers.
- Mucus and Pus removal: Dry cotton turundas are used to remove mucus and pus from the nasal passages.
- Liquid Nasal Drainage: A sterile pear-shaped balloon is used to suction out the contents of the nasal passages.
Hygienic Bath
- Hygienic baths are given upon hospital admission and for patients on prolonged bed rest.
- Baths should be given at least once a week.
- Warning: During a bath, the nurse should monitor the patient's well-being, appearance, and pulse. If the patient's condition worsens, stop the bath and provide immediate medical attention.
- Alternative: If baths are not possible, rubbing or washing can be used.
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Description
This quiz covers essential care practices for seriously ill patients. It includes hygiene procedures, patient transportation methods, and precautions for nurses. Understanding these aspects ensures proper treatment and comfort for patients during their recovery.
