Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a common daily saliva production range for individuals?
What is a common daily saliva production range for individuals?
A pH level below 6.5 indicates a high risk for cavities.
A pH level below 6.5 indicates a high risk for cavities.
True
What is xerostomia?
What is xerostomia?
Reduced salivary function or dry mouth
Monomers are transformed into large polymer chains through a process called ______.
Monomers are transformed into large polymer chains through a process called ______.
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Match the disease indicators to their associated risks:
Match the disease indicators to their associated risks:
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Which fluorescence method uses red light at a wavelength of 655 nm?
Which fluorescence method uses red light at a wavelength of 655 nm?
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The ICDAS system includes stages ranging from 0 to 6.
The ICDAS system includes stages ranging from 0 to 6.
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What does QLF stand for in terms of a caries detection method?
What does QLF stand for in terms of a caries detection method?
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The _____ method reacts to porphyrins produced by biofilm.
The _____ method reacts to porphyrins produced by biofilm.
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Match the following caries assessment systems with their respective descriptions:
Match the following caries assessment systems with their respective descriptions:
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What does a reading of 11-20 on the Diagnodent indicate?
What does a reading of 11-20 on the Diagnodent indicate?
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Quantitative Light Fluorescence indicates health with no fluorescence.
Quantitative Light Fluorescence indicates health with no fluorescence.
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What laser wavelength does SIROInspect utilize?
What laser wavelength does SIROInspect utilize?
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Which light cure unit uses a range from 450-480 nm?
Which light cure unit uses a range from 450-480 nm?
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BHT is the least common photoinhibitor used in light-cured resins.
BHT is the least common photoinhibitor used in light-cured resins.
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What is the main advantage of having a refractive index of the filler match that of the matrix?
What is the main advantage of having a refractive index of the filler match that of the matrix?
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The __________ is better because the battery in the wireless option can reduce irradiance over time.
The __________ is better because the battery in the wireless option can reduce irradiance over time.
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Match the following light cure units with their spectra:
Match the following light cure units with their spectra:
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Which of the following statements regarding dentin and enamel shades is true?
Which of the following statements regarding dentin and enamel shades is true?
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Light-curing units with high irradiance typically require a filter for UV light.
Light-curing units with high irradiance typically require a filter for UV light.
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What is the primary disadvantage of the halogen curing unit?
What is the primary disadvantage of the halogen curing unit?
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Which method has the highest sensitivity for caries detection?
Which method has the highest sensitivity for caries detection?
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Dyes used in caries detection specifically stain bacteria in the affected area.
Dyes used in caries detection specifically stain bacteria in the affected area.
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What are the two categories of caries based on the presence of pulp exposure?
What are the two categories of caries based on the presence of pulp exposure?
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The sensitivity of visual examination for caries detection is ______.
The sensitivity of visual examination for caries detection is ______.
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Match the following caries detection methods with their sensitivity ranges:
Match the following caries detection methods with their sensitivity ranges:
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What activates MMPs that lead to the destruction of exposed dentin?
What activates MMPs that lead to the destruction of exposed dentin?
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Sclerotic dentin forms due to the occlusion and hypermineralization of superficial tubules.
Sclerotic dentin forms due to the occlusion and hypermineralization of superficial tubules.
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What is the main difference between reactionary dentin and reparative dentin?
What is the main difference between reactionary dentin and reparative dentin?
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__________ Dentin is softer and more susceptible to caries.
__________ Dentin is softer and more susceptible to caries.
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Match the following types of dentin with their descriptions:
Match the following types of dentin with their descriptions:
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What is the primary response triggered in the pulp by air or temperature changes according to Brannstrom’s Hydrodynamic Theory?
What is the primary response triggered in the pulp by air or temperature changes according to Brannstrom’s Hydrodynamic Theory?
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ICDAS stage 5 indicates cavitation to dentin where more than half the tooth surface is affected.
ICDAS stage 5 indicates cavitation to dentin where more than half the tooth surface is affected.
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List the ICDAS stages of lesion formation.
List the ICDAS stages of lesion formation.
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What is the mixing time for GC Fuji IX (GIC) recommended in the lab?
What is the mixing time for GC Fuji IX (GIC) recommended in the lab?
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Dabbing Dycal onto the exposed site is the last step in the procedure.
Dabbing Dycal onto the exposed site is the last step in the procedure.
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What is the setting time for GC Fuji IX (GIC)?
What is the setting time for GC Fuji IX (GIC)?
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The final step in the procedure includes polishing with ______.
The final step in the procedure includes polishing with ______.
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Match the ICDAS stage descriptions with their respective numbers:
Match the ICDAS stage descriptions with their respective numbers:
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Which stage in the ICDAS system indicates extensive dentin exposure?
Which stage in the ICDAS system indicates extensive dentin exposure?
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GC Fuji Liner is applied after dabbing Dycal onto the exposed site.
GC Fuji Liner is applied after dabbing Dycal onto the exposed site.
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What is the powder to liquid ratio for mixing GC Fuji IX (GIC)?
What is the powder to liquid ratio for mixing GC Fuji IX (GIC)?
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Study Notes
Caries Risk
- Protective factors include saliva, sealants, antibacterials, fluoride, and effective habits considered in a risk-based reassessment.
- Risk factors include bad bacteria, lack of saliva, and destructive habits.
- Disease indicators include white spots, restorations under 3 years old, enamel lesions, cavities in dentin, high-risk areas (pits/fissures, root, cervical, interproximal), and plaque stagnation areas (restorations/ortho).
- Caries detection methods include visual, visual + perio probe, visible light, transillumination/NIDIT, impedance, radiography, and dyes.
- Sensitivity is the true positive rate, calculated by dividing true positives by the sum of true positives and false negatives.
- Specificity is the true negative rate, calculated by dividing true negatives by the sum of true negatives and false positives.
- Magnification can increase sensitivity but decrease specificity for some methods of caries detection.
Caries Detection Methods
- Visual: Visual examination; sensitivity 0.12, specificity 0.93
- Visual + Perio Probe: Visual exam with probing; sensitivity 0.14–0.80, specificity 0.93.
- Visible Light: Visual exam with visible light; sensitivity 0.5–0.85, specificity 0.95.
- Transillumination/NIDIT: Uses IR light (780 nm); sensitivity 0.68, specificity 0.93.
- Impedance: Uses closed circuit AC Impedance Spectroscopy Technique (ACIST); sensitivity 0.67–0.96, specificity 0.71–0.98.
- Radiography: X-rays; sensitivity 0.45–0.7, specificity 0.70–0.97.
- Dyes: Stains demineralized dentin (e.g., methylene blue, fuchsin red); sensitivity 0.71–0.74, specificity 1.00.
ICDAS Stages
- Stages 0-6: Described visually and radiographically
- Stage 1: First visual enamel change
- Stage 2: Small enamel cavity
- Stage 3: Large enamel cavity, wedge shape, visible dentin shadow
- Stage 4: Dentin affected visible shadow
- Stage 5: Visible dentin funnel to pulp shadow
- Stage 6: Extensive visible dentin, more than half of tooth surface affected
Risk Assessment
- High, Medium, and Low Risk Categories
- Factors include white spots, restorations, destructive habits, reduced salivary function, absence of saliva, age, sex, anticholinergic/sympathomimetic medications, and frequency of xerostomia.
Caries Risk Management
- Different risk levels have different management strategies for recalls, radiographs, antibacterial treatments, fluoride therapies, diet, and saliva.
Sugar Consumption
- Children (2-19 y/o) - girls have 15 teaspoons, boys have 18 teaspoons
- Adults (20+ y/o) - girls have 15 teaspoons, boys have 19 teaspoons
- Daily Average Intake: 17 teaspoons/71.14 g
- WHO Guideline - < 10% of total energy intake
- AHA Guideline - < 6 teaspoons per daily (for girls), < 9 teaspoons per daily (boys).
Sugar Types
- Polysaccharides (e.g., fiber, glycogen, starch, amylose, amylopectin, etc.)
- Disaccharides (e.g., sucrose, lactose, maltose)
Artificial Sweeteners
- Much stronger than sugars (or sugar alcohols)
- High Acceptable Daily Intake amounts (ADI)
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Description
This quiz explores the critical factors involved in assessing caries risk, including protective and risk factors, disease indicators, and various detection methods. Test your knowledge on the sensitivity and specificity of these methods and their implications in dental practices. Understand how to effectively assess caries risk for better oral health outcomes.
