Cardioversion and Medication Contraindications Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the ideal way of establishing a causal relationship between a symptom and rhythm disturbance?

  • Electrocardiographic monitoring (correct)
  • Autonomic Testing
  • Intracardiac electrocardiographic recordings
  • Electrophysiologic testing

Which class of antiarrhythmic agents block membrane sodium channels?

  • Class Ia (correct)
  • Class Ib
  • Class II
  • Class Ic

What mechanism is responsible for paroxysmal supraventricular arrhythmias and atrial flutter?

  • Triggered activity
  • Disorders of impulse conduction in the IV conduction system
  • Disorders of impulse formation in the sinus node
  • Reentry (correct)

Which technique employs intracardiac electrocardiographic recordings and programmed atrial or ventricular stimulations?

<p>Electrophysiologic testing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subclass of Class I antiarrhythmic agents slows the rate of rise of the action potential and prolongs its duration?

<p>Class Ia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for evaluation of individuals with an imbalance between sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic activity?

<p>Autonomic Testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antiarrhythmic drug prolongs Vmax and slows depolarization, thus slowing conduction and prolonging refractoriness?

<p>Class Ic agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal intrinsic heart rate of the AV Node, which acts as a back-up pacemaker?

<p>40 - 60 beats/minute (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a heart rate faster than 100 beats/min caused by rapid impulse formation from the normal pacemaker?

<p>Sinus tachycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of sinus tachycardia and other supraventricular arrhythmias?

<p>Alcohol withdrawal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for contractions that fire continuously from a looping re-entrant circuit in the atria?

<p>Atrial Flutter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanical measure stimulates the vagus, delays AV conduction, and blocks reentry mechanisms, terminating arrhythmias?

<p>Valsalva's maneuver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial bolus dose of i.v. adenosine used to terminate episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

<p>6 mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients may experience transient flushing and chest discomfort after receiving i.v. adenosine?

<p>~20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug therapy rapidly induces AV block and breaks most reentry supraventricular tachycardia?

<p>Calcium channel blockers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of arrhythmia is characterized by a cyclic increase in normal heart rate with inspiration and decrease with expiration?

<p>Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a heart rate that is slower than 50/min due to vagal influence on the normal pacemaker or organic disease of the sinus node?

<p>Sinus bradycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the drug of choice for preventing attacks of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?

<p>Verapamil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred approach for patients with recurrent SVT?

<p>Radiofrequency ablation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition should electrical cardioversion be avoided?

<p>WPW syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonest chronic arrhythmia?

<p>Atrial fibrillation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may precipitate atrial fibrillation, often referred to as 'holiday heart'?

<p>Alcohol intoxication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major risk associated with chronic atrial fibrillation?

<p>Stroke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical rate for ventricular tachycardia?

<p>160-240/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is recommended for treating Ventricular Tachycardia if the patient is tolerating the rhythm?

<p>Amiodarone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition may Torsade de pointes occur spontaneously or after certain drugs?

<p>Ventricular Tachycardia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment indicated for Acute Ventricular Tachycardia if hypotension, heart failure, or angina is present?

<p>Synchronized DC cardioversion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best treatment for nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in the case of recurrent ventricular tachycardia post AMI?

<p>Sotalol or amiodarone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the emergency treatment for a patient in cardiac arrest due to Ventricular Fibrillation?

<p>Electrical cardioversion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is often caused or exacerbated by drug therapy such as digitalis, Ca channel blockers, beta-blockers, and antiarrhythmics?

<p>Sick Sinus Syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Second-degree AV Block, Type II?

<p>'All or nothing' conduction with no prolongation of PR interval (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Complete (third- degree) heart block' due to a lesion distal to the His bundle results in:

<p>Slow, regular ventricular rate usually less than 45/min (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Mobitz type I (Wenckebach)' pattern of PR interval lengthening before the blocked beat occurs in which type of AV Block?

<p>'Second degree AV Block, Type I' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition may Premature Ventricular Contractions be revealed more frequently and complex during ambulatory ECG monitoring or an exercise test?

<p>Ventricular Arrhythmias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor associated with Sick Sinus Syndrome?

<p>Atrial Flutter and Fibrillation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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