Cardiovascular System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

  • To transfer oxygen and nutrients to tissues and remove metabolic wastes (correct)
  • To perform digestion and nutrient absorption
  • To generate hormones that regulate metabolism
  • To facilitate the exchange of gases in the lungs

Who is credited with the discovery of blood circulation?

  • Avicenna
  • Galileo Galilei
  • William Harvey (correct)
  • Hippocrates

Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood?

  • Aorta
  • Left atrium
  • Left ventricle
  • Right atrium (correct)

What role do blood vessels play in the cardiovascular system?

<p>They act as a conduit for blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of microcirculation?

<p>Facilitating material exchange in tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the vascular system?

<p>Arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the cardiovascular system contribute to homeostasis?

<p>By transporting hormones and regulating body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of circulation occurs in the aorta?

<p>Closed system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal duration of the P-R interval?

<p>0.12 - 0.21 sec (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the S-T segment indicate?

<p>Beginning of ventricular repolarization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by an irregular contraction that does not effectively propel blood?

<p>Fibrillation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the P-R segment?

<p>Allowing time for ventricular filling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the heart rate calculated from the R-R interval?

<p>Heart Rate = 60/R-R interval (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of cardiac dysrhythmia?

<p>Impulse initiation or propagation disturbances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure within myocardial cells stores calcium ions?

<p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the Q-T interval?

<p>From the onset of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What volume is represented by the difference between Ventricular End Diastolic Volume (VEDV) and Ventricular End Systolic Volume (VESV)?

<p>Stroke Volume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the aortic valve open and blood is rapidly ejected from the ventricle?

<p>Ventricular ejection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the isovolumic relaxation phase in the cardiac cycle?

<p>The aortic valve is closed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is calculated as the amount of blood pumped from the ventricle per minute?

<p>Cardiac Output (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What equation correctly represents the Flow Rate in hemodynamics?

<p>Q = V x A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of blood flow velocity, which vessel experiences the fastest flow?

<p>Aorta (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the slow blood flow in capillaries?

<p>Allow time for adequate diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT a measure of cardiac function?

<p>Flow Rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of blood flow through the cardiovascular system?

<p>Left heart → systemic circulation → right heart → pulmonary circulation → left heart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes systemic circulation?

<p>Begins in the left ventricle and ends in the right atrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of flow allows each organ to receive fully oxygenated blood independently?

<p>Parallel flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about heart valves is correct?

<p>They operate as one-way flaps that prevent backflow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of atrioventricular valves in the heart?

<p>Tricuspid and bicuspid (mitral) valves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the heart is responsible for its contraction?

<p>Myocardium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal blood pressure in the systemic circulation?

<p>120/80 mmHg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of circulation operates at a pressure of approximately 25/8 mmHg?

<p>Pulmonary circulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the fibrous pericardium do?

<p>It provides a protective external layer for the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of coronary vessels?

<p>To provide nutritional support to the heart muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is classified as a vasodilator?

<p>Nitric oxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes active hyperemia?

<p>Blood flow proportional to metabolic activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT induce vasorelaxation?

<p>Norepinephrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during reactive hyperemia?

<p>Increased flow post-occlusion exceeding baseline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily influences sympathetic vasoconstriction?

<p>Norepinephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolic change would likely cause arteriolar dilation?

<p>Increased CO2 levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does epinephrine play in blood flow regulation?

<p>It acts on receptors to either increase cardiac output or relax vascular muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the parasympathetic influence on blood flow is true?

<p>It is not actively involved in controlling blood flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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