Cardiovascular System Overview
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Questions and Answers

The cardiovascular system is also known as the ______ system.

circulatory

The ______ receives blood, and the ventricles pump blood out of the heart.

atria

Arteries carry ______ blood away from the heart.

oxygenated

Red blood cells carry ______ in the blood.

<p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pulmonary circulation involves the heart, ______, and the heart again.

<p>lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Blood pressure is regulated by ______ rate.

<p>heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

The autonomic nervous system has two branches: the ______ nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.

<p>sympathetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ nervous system decreases heart rate and blood pressure.

<p>parasympathetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Platelets are involved in ______ clotting.

<p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cardiovascular system transports ______ and nutrients to cells and tissues.

<p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Overview

The cardiovascular system, also known as the circulatory system, is a network of organs and vessels that transport blood throughout the body.

Functions

  • Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues
  • Removes waste products, such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid
  • Regulates body temperature
  • Maintains pH balance
  • Supports immune function

Components

Heart

  • Muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
  • Divided into four chambers: left and right atria, and left and right ventricles
  • Atria receive blood, ventricles pump blood out of the heart

Blood Vessels

  • Arteries: carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
  • Veins: carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
  • Capillaries: allow for exchange of oxygen and nutrients with cells

Blood

  • Liquid connective tissue composed of:
    • Plasma (water, proteins, nutrients, waste products)
    • Red blood cells (carry oxygen)
    • White blood cells (part of immune system)
    • Platelets (involved in blood clotting)

Blood Circulation

  • Pulmonary circulation: heart → lungs → heart (oxygenation of blood)
  • Systemic circulation: heart → body tissues → heart (delivery of oxygen and nutrients)

Blood Pressure

  • Force exerted by blood on vessel walls
  • Regulated by:
    • Heart rate
    • Blood volume
    • Vessel diameter

Regulation of the Cardiovascular System

  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates heart rate and blood pressure
  • ANS has two branches:
    • Sympathetic nervous system (increases heart rate and blood pressure)
    • Parasympathetic nervous system (decreases heart rate and blood pressure)

Overview

  • The cardiovascular system is a network of organs and vessels that transport blood throughout the body.

Functions

  • The cardiovascular system transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues.
  • It removes waste products such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid.
  • It regulates body temperature.
  • It maintains pH balance.
  • It supports immune function.

Components

Heart

  • The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
  • It has four chambers: left and right atria, and left and right ventricles.
  • The atria receive blood, while the ventricles pump blood out of the heart.

Blood Vessels

  • Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
  • Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
  • Capillaries allow for the exchange of oxygen and nutrients with cells.

Blood

  • Blood is a liquid connective tissue composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
  • Plasma consists of water, proteins, nutrients, and waste products.
  • Red blood cells carry oxygen.
  • White blood cells are part of the immune system.
  • Platelets are involved in blood clotting.

Blood Circulation

  • Pulmonary circulation involves the heart, lungs, and heart again, and it is the pathway for oxygenation of blood.
  • Systemic circulation involves the heart, body tissues, and heart again, and it is the pathway for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients.

Blood Pressure

  • Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood on vessel walls.
  • It is regulated by heart rate, blood volume, and vessel diameter.

Regulation of the Cardiovascular System

  • The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates heart rate and blood pressure.
  • The ANS has two branches: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
  • The sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate and blood pressure.
  • The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate and blood pressure.

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Description

Learn about the functions and components of the cardiovascular system, including the heart, blood vessels, and blood circulation.

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