28 Questions
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
All of the above
Which division of the circulatory system involves the flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta, large arteries, arterioles, and capillaries?
Systemic circulation
What is the function of pulmonary circulation?
Gas exchange
Where does the blood flow in pulmonary circulation?
From the right atrium to the right ventricle then through the pulmonary artery to the lungs
What does the transport function of the circulatory system include?
Transport of O2, CO2, and waste products to and from tissues
How does the circulatory system contribute to maintaining homeostasis?
By controlling blood flow to the skin
What is the function of the atrial muscles?
To regulate arterial blood pressure
Which valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
What is the main function of the semilunar valves?
To allow one-way flow of blood from the ventricles to the aorta and pulmonary arteries
What is the absolute refractory period (A.R.P) of the cardiac muscle?
The period during which excitability is completely lost, and any stimulus cannot excite the cardiac muscle
Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the body through superior and inferior vena cava?
Right atrium
What is excitability in relation to cardiac muscle?
The ability to respond to a stimulus and generate an action potential
What is the left ventricle's wall thickness compared to the right?
Thicker by three times than right ventricle's wall.
When does mechanical contraction of cardiac muscle start?
At the end of plateau phase
What is the function of the tricuspid valve in the heart?
Receives blood from the body through superior and inferior vena cava
During which phase of the cardiac cycle does mechanical contraction (systole) of the cardiac muscle start?
Depolarization phase
What happens during the relative refractory period (RRP) of the cardiac muscle?
Excitability is decreased
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
All of the above
Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the aorta to reach different organs of the body?
Left ventricle
What is the relation between mechanical response and action potential in the cardiac muscle?
Mechanical response lasts 1.5 times as long as the duration of action potential
During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the supernormal phase of excitability coincide?
Second half of diastole
Which fibers are responsible for conducting the electrical signal generated by the sinoatrial node (SAN)?
Sinoatrial node (SAN), atrioventricular node (A.V.N), and purkinje fibers
What is the speed of transmission in the atrioventricular node (A.V. N)?
$0.02-0.03$ meters/sec
What is the physiological importance of the atrioventricular nodal delay?
Gives a chance for complete ventricular repolarization and adequate ventricular filling
Which factor directly affects the force of myocardial contraction according to Starling's Law?
Initial length of cardiac muscle fibers
What is the period during which the ventricles contract and force blood out into the aorta and main pulmonary artery called?
Systole
What is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute known as?
Cardiac output (C.O.P)
What is the function of xanthines like caffeine and theophylline?
Decrease the rate of cAMP breakdown
Test your knowledge about the functions of the cardiovascular system, including the role of the heart in pumping blood and the circulation of nutrients and oxygen throughout the body. Learn about the transport function of gases and the maintenance of homeostasis.
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