Cardiovascular Health Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What term is used to describe the resistance offered by the systemic circulation?

Arterial resistance

Systemic vascular resistance (correct)

Pulmonary vascular resistance

Total circulatory resistance

How does vasoconstriction affect vascular resistance?

It decreases resistance.

It decreases blood flow.

It increases resistance. (correct)

It has no effect on resistance.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between blood flow, cardiac output, and vascular resistance?

Blood flow is directly related to vascular resistance.

Cardiac output is inversely related to vascular resistance. (correct)

Vascular resistance increases with blood flow.

Cardiac output is independent of blood pressure.

What effect does an increase in systemic vascular resistance have on cardiac output?

It causes a decrease in stroke volume. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the blood circulatory system?

Delivery of nutrients and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood is primarily responsible for carrying oxygen?

Red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood loaded with carbon dioxide?

Right atrium Signup and view all the answers

What happens during vasodilation in relation to vascular resistance?

Resistance decreases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most serious complication that can arise from deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

Pulmonary embolism Signup and view all the answers

Which valve connects the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart?

Mitral valve Signup and view all the answers

What process allows oxygen-poor blood to flow from the right ventricle to the lungs?

Pulmonary valve opening Signup and view all the answers

Which veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

Pulmonary veins Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary risk factor for atherosclerosis?

Sedentary lifestyle Signup and view all the answers

What does venous thromboembolism (VTE) consist of?

Both DVT and pulmonary embolism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT influence stroke volume?

Mitral valve efficacy Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?

Right atrium Signup and view all the answers

Which condition involves the narrowing of arteries due to plaque deposits?

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary risk factor for developing Atherosclerosis?

Obesity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a condition where veins have problems with their valves?

Chronic Venous Insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

What factor primarily influences stroke volume in the heart?

Ventricular contraction strength Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pulmonary circulation in the cardiovascular system?

To exchange gases in the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes high blood pressure in the circulatory system?

Excessive pressure in blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

What condition occurs due to a weak spot in the wall of an artery?

Aneurysm Signup and view all the answers

Which veins are responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Pulmonary veins Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hypotension Symptoms

Dizziness, lightheadedness, falls, fainting, noticeable heartbeats, confusion, tiredness, nausea
Blurred vision, unsteadiness

High Heart Rate and Cardiac Output

Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying heart rate by stroke volume.
A higher heart rate increases cardiac output.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Complications

Blood clots in veins can break loose and travel through the bloodstream.
These clots can get stuck in the lungs (pulmonary embolism).
DVT and pulmonary embolism together are called venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Atherosclerosis and Vessel Narrowing

Plaque buildup in arteries blocks blood flow.
Coronary artery disease, carotid artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and kidney disease can result from atherosclerosis.
Arteriosclerosis (hardening) can lead to kidney failure.

Blood Flow Through the Heart and Lungs

Oxygen-poor blood enters the right atrium.
Blood travels through the right ventricle and pulmonary artery to the lungs.
Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium.
Blood flows through the left ventricle and aorta to the rest of the body.

Blood Flow Through the Heart (Detailed)

Superior and inferior vena cava bring deoxygenated blood to the right atrium.
Tricuspid valve directs blood to the right ventricle.
Pulmonary valve allows blood flow to the pulmonary artery and lungs.
Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium.
Mitral valve directs blood to the left ventricle.
Aortic valve sends blood through the aorta to the body.

Chronic Arterial Obstructions

Narrowing or closing of arteries supplying blood to the heart.
Plaque buildup (atherosclerosis) is a common cause.
Blockage can limit or stop blood flow to the heart muscle.
Acute blockage is called a heart attack.

Risk Factors for Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

Cholesterol deposition/inflammation of artery walls.
High blood pressure, high cholesterol, tobacco use, diabetes, family history, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle.

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Symptoms: dull aching, cramping or heavy feeling in legs, swelling, pain that worsens when standing, tingling sensation, visible varicose veins

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Description

Test your knowledge on symptoms of hypotension, heart rate, cardiac output, and the complications of deep vein thrombosis. This quiz covers various aspects of atherosclerosis and blood flow through the heart and lungs, highlighting crucial cardiovascular concepts.