Questions and Answers
What is Congenital Heart Disease?
Which of the following can be a consequence of a severe stroke?
Which procedure uses a catheter with a balloon for treatment?
What is a common method for diagnosing issues with heart activity?
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Which is NOT a recommended way to reduce cardiovascular disease risks?
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What causes Rheumatic Heart Disease?
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An embolus is best described as:
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What is bypass surgery aimed at treating?
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What percentage of all deaths in the US is attributed to cardiovascular disease?
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Which of the following best describes atherosclerosis?
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What is the primary function of arteries?
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Which type of cardiovascular disease is characterized by severe chest pain?
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In which scenario does congestive heart failure occur?
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Which heart condition is defined by racing heartbeats without any external triggers?
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Which of the following describes veins?
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What complication arises from a blockage of the blood supply to the heart?
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Study Notes
Overview of Cardiovascular Disease
- Comprises various diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels.
- Accounts for 41% of all deaths in the United States.
- Mortality risk within one year post-heart attack: 25% for women, 38% for men.
The Cardiovascular System
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The Heart:
- Muscular pump with four chambers, approximately the size of a fist.
- Contracts around 100,000 times daily, totaling about 2.5 billion beats over 70 years.
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Blood Vessels:
- Arteries: Transport blood away from the heart.
- Capillaries: Microscopic vessels facilitating the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste due to their thin walls.
- Veins: Carry blood back to the heart.
Types of Cardiovascular Disease
- Atherosclerosis: Buildup of fatty plaques in arteries.
- Coronary Heart Disease: Leads to heart attacks due to blood supply blockage.
- Angina Pectoris: Severe chest pain from reduced oxygen flow to the heart.
- Arrhythmias: Abnormal heart rhythms including tachycardia (fast heart rate) and bradycardia (slow heart rate).
- Congestive Heart Failure: Heart's inability to effectively circulate blood due to damage or overwork.
- Congenital Heart Disease: Heart defects present at birth.
- Rheumatic Heart Disease: Results from untreated streptococcal throat infection.
- Stroke: Brain damage due to interrupted blood supply, caused by thrombus, embolus, or aneurysm.
Stroke Manifestations
- Minor strokes may cause temporary dizziness or weakness.
- Serious strokes can lead to speech issues, memory loss, motor control problems, or can be fatal if they disrupt heart and lung regulation.
Risk Reduction Strategies for Cardiovascular Disease
- Avoid tobacco use.
- Limit fats and cholesterol intake, especially saturated fats.
- Regularly monitor cholesterol levels.
- Maintain a healthy weight and increase dietary fiber.
- Engage in regular physical exercise.
- Control blood pressure and manage stress levels.
Diagnosing Heart Disease
- Electrocardiogram (ECG): Measures heart's electrical activity, often during a stress test.
- Angiography: Examines blockages in heart arteries.
- PET scan: Creates 3D images to assess heart activity.
Treatment Techniques
- Angioplasty: A minimally invasive procedure where a catheter with a balloon is inserted into a blocked artery and inflated to restore blood flow.
- Bypass Surgery: Surgical procedure to implant a vessel bypassing a clogged coronary artery, improving blood supply to the heart.
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Description
Explore the critical aspects of cardiovascular diseases, which account for a significant percentage of deaths in the US. Learn about the structure and function of the heart as a muscular pump essential for survival. This quiz delves into the impact of heart diseases on both men and women.
