Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following conditions may present with a wandering atrial pacemaker (WAP)?
Which of the following conditions may present with a wandering atrial pacemaker (WAP)?
- Cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorder (correct)
- Congestive heart failure and hypertension (correct)
- Organic heart disease and drug toxicity (correct)
- Neurological disorders and renal insufficiency (correct)
What is the normal, inherent rate of the AV node?
What is the normal, inherent rate of the AV node?
- 40 to 60 bpm (correct)
- 100 to 150 bpm
- 80 to 100 bpm
- 20 to 40 bpm
Where does the electrical current initiate in junctional rhythms?
Where does the electrical current initiate in junctional rhythms?
- Ventricles
- Atria
- Bundle of His
- AV junction (correct)
What causes the inverted P wave morphology found with junctional rhythms?
What causes the inverted P wave morphology found with junctional rhythms?
What is indicated by the term 'retrograde' in cardiac rhythms?
What is indicated by the term 'retrograde' in cardiac rhythms?
What does a patient mean when they describe a fast, 'fluttering' heartbeat sensation?
What does a patient mean when they describe a fast, 'fluttering' heartbeat sensation?
What primarily causes a heart block dysrhythmia?
What primarily causes a heart block dysrhythmia?
Which of the following best identifies the rhythm associated with multifocal atrial tachycardia?
Which of the following best identifies the rhythm associated with multifocal atrial tachycardia?
What leads form the Einthoven triangle?
What leads form the Einthoven triangle?
Where should the V1 lead be placed?
Where should the V1 lead be placed?
Which two leads must be placed before positioning V3?
Which two leads must be placed before positioning V3?
Which method is appropriate for calculating heart rate in cases of irregular rhythms?
Which method is appropriate for calculating heart rate in cases of irregular rhythms?
What heart rate calculation method is used when counting the number of R-R intervals?
What heart rate calculation method is used when counting the number of R-R intervals?
Using the 6-second method, what would a heart rate be if the strip shows 10 QRS complexes?
Using the 6-second method, what would a heart rate be if the strip shows 10 QRS complexes?
What does a pattern with every third complex being a premature beat signify?
What does a pattern with every third complex being a premature beat signify?
Where is the V2 lead placed on the patient's chest?
Where is the V2 lead placed on the patient's chest?
Which factors are primarily evaluated when classifying dysrhythmias?
Which factors are primarily evaluated when classifying dysrhythmias?
What does the QRS duration measurement indicate?
What does the QRS duration measurement indicate?
Why is the shape of the P wave important in an ECG analysis?
Why is the shape of the P wave important in an ECG analysis?
What is the normal range for the PR interval measurement?
What is the normal range for the PR interval measurement?
What is the typical duration range for a normal QRS complex?
What is the typical duration range for a normal QRS complex?
What is considered a normal sinus rhythm rate?
What is considered a normal sinus rhythm rate?
Which sinus rhythm is characterized by a rate of less than 60 beats per minute?
Which sinus rhythm is characterized by a rate of less than 60 beats per minute?
In which type of rhythm can you find characteristics typical of sinus bradycardia?
In which type of rhythm can you find characteristics typical of sinus bradycardia?
Which heart blocks exhibit irregular ventricular response?
Which heart blocks exhibit irregular ventricular response?
Where should the V4 lead be placed while applying chest leads?
Where should the V4 lead be placed while applying chest leads?
In which blood collection tube would a platelet function test be conducted?
In which blood collection tube would a platelet function test be conducted?
What anticoagulant additive is present in a lavender-stoppered evacuated blood collection tube?
What anticoagulant additive is present in a lavender-stoppered evacuated blood collection tube?
Where is the V2 lead placed when applying chest leads?
Where is the V2 lead placed when applying chest leads?
If a discard tube is required prior to coagulation testing, which type is appropriate?
If a discard tube is required prior to coagulation testing, which type is appropriate?
Which form of ectopic conduction originates in the atrium?
Which form of ectopic conduction originates in the atrium?
What is the primary function of anticoagulants in blood collection tubes?
What is the primary function of anticoagulants in blood collection tubes?
What is the anticoagulant present in a gray-stoppered blood collection tube?
What is the anticoagulant present in a gray-stoppered blood collection tube?
Which agent serves as the antiglycolytic agent in a gray-stoppered blood collection tube?
Which agent serves as the antiglycolytic agent in a gray-stoppered blood collection tube?
Which of the following tubes contains lithium heparin and a thixotropic gel?
Which of the following tubes contains lithium heparin and a thixotropic gel?
For a STAT prothrombin time test, which color tube should be collected?
For a STAT prothrombin time test, which color tube should be collected?
What is the recommended height to apply a tourniquet above the puncture site?
What is the recommended height to apply a tourniquet above the puncture site?
Which color tube is appropriate for collecting a complete metabolic panel (CMP)?
Which color tube is appropriate for collecting a complete metabolic panel (CMP)?
What is the typical concentration of isopropyl alcohol in alcohol pads?
What is the typical concentration of isopropyl alcohol in alcohol pads?
What would be the 5th tube collected in the order of draw for a routine venipuncture?
What would be the 5th tube collected in the order of draw for a routine venipuncture?
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Study Notes
EKG Multiple Choice Highlights
- Classification of dysrhythmias involves evaluating rate, artifact, and ECG complex characteristics.
- QRS duration measures the time for ventricular depolarization.
- The shape of the P wave helps confirm that atrial depolarization occurred and determines current pathways.
- Normal PR interval ranges from 0.12 to 0.20 seconds.
- QRS complex duration is normally less than 0.12 seconds.
- Normal sinus rhythm heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 bpm.
- Sinus bradycardia is characterized by a heart rate below 60 bpm.
- Sinus tachycardia is identified by an increased heart rate.
- A patient with sinus bradycardia may require medication or a pacemaker.
- The Einthoven triangle includes right arm, left arm, and left leg leads.
- V1 lead is placed at the 4th intercostal space, left sternal border.
- Proper placement of V3 requires leads V2 and V4.
- V2 lead is placed at the 4th intercostal space, left sternal border.
- For irregular rhythms, the only method for heart rate calculation is the 6-second method.
- Identifying patterns, trigeminy refers to every third complex being a premature beat.
Phlebotomy Multiple Choice Highlights
- Lavender-stoppered tubes contain ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as an anticoagulant.
- For platelet function tests, use a sodium citrate tube.
- An appropriate discard tube for coagulation tests is a red non-additive tube.
- Gray-stoppered tubes contain sodium fluoride as the anticoagulant and potassium oxalate as the antiglycolytic agent.
- Light green-stoppered tubes contain lithium heparin and a thixotropic gel.
- A plasma separator tube (PST) is typically a light green tube.
- Alcohol pads generally contain 70% isopropyl alcohol.
- For STAT prothrombin time tests, use a light blue tube.
- The 5th tube in the order of draw for routine venipuncture is usually lavender.
- Apply a tourniquet 4-5 inches above the puncture site for venipuncture.
- The complete metabolic panel (CMP) should be collected in a gold tube.
Additional Notes
- For collecting blood samples from an infant's heel for bilirubin tests, specific containers with appropriate additives must be utilized.
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