Cardiac Muscle Physiology
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Questions and Answers

What happens at 0mV in terms of ion channels?

  • Both Ca++ and K+ channels close
  • Ca++ channels close and K+ channels open (correct)
  • Ca++ channels open and K+ channels close
  • Both Ca++ and K+ channels open
  • What slows down the repolarization phase by allowing for the plateau in cardiac action potentials?

  • Cl- ions
  • Ca++ ions (correct)
  • Na+ ions
  • K+ ions
  • If the SA node were not under endocrine control, how many times per minute would it fire based on the text?

  • Less than 10 times per minute
  • Over 150 times per minute
  • 80 - 100 times per minute (correct)
  • 20 - 30 times per minute
  • Which part of the heart's conduction system would fire at the slowest rate according to the text?

    <p>Purkinje fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for an Electrocardiogram (ECG)?

    <p>Electrocardiograph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sound heard when the atrioventricular valves close?

    <p>S1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cardiac cycle does S2 represent?

    <p>Opening of semilunar valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does S4 indicate about the heart?

    <p>Failure of left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for Cardiac Output (CO)?

    <p>CO = SV * HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ejection fraction represent?

    <p>Percentage of blood pumped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the atria in the heart?

    <p>Collect blood and push it into lower chambers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the base of the heart located?

    <p>Superior and medial to the apex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart connects to the pulmonary trunk?

    <p>Right ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery carries deoxygenated blood in the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the myocardium in the heart?

    <p>Middle thickest layer with muscle cells, nerve fibers, and blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the heart produces lubricating fluid?

    <p>Epicardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of AED's in the context of cardiac issues?

    <p>To deliver electrical impulses for effective heart contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle does diastole occur?

    <p>When the chambers are relaxed and filling with blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the T wave in the context of cardiac muscle metabolism?

    <p>Represents repolarization of the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of myoglobin in heart cells?

    <p>Stores oxygen in muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cardiac cycle involves the semilunar valves being closed while blood flows into the atria and ventricles?

    <p>Atrial diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the amount of blood pushed out by the ventricles known as?

    <p>Stroke volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the endothelium in the heart?

    <p>Regulating growth patterns of cardiac muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the heart separates the atria from the ventricles?

    <p>Septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the moderator band in the heart?

    <p>Aid in cardiac conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of semilunar valves in the heart?

    <p>Ensure unidirectional blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does the left ventricle of the heart receive oxygenated blood?

    <p>Contractile phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of desmosomes in cardiac muscle cells?

    <p>Prevent cardiac muscle cells from separating during contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Sinoatrial (SA) node located in the heart?

    <p>Superior and posterior wall of the right atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Purkinje fibers in cardiac conduction?

    <p>Spread the impulse around the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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