Cardiac History and Physical Exam
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Questions and Answers

What is an important aspect of a physical exam to assess for cardiac distress in a child?

  • Evaluating activity level
  • Assessing for pallor and sweating (correct)
  • Observing feeding difficulties
  • Monitoring blood pressure
  • What is a relevant question to ask during the history of current complaint to assess for respiratory manifestations?

  • Do you have any family history of heart conditions?
  • Have you ever had any dizziness?
  • Have you experienced any chest pain? (correct)
  • Have you experienced any fatigue?
  • What is an important assessment to make during a physical exam to evaluate for cardiac distress?

  • Growth delays and prematurity
  • Heart tones and murmurs (correct)
  • Blood pressure and peripheral circulation
  • Respiratory rate and rhythm
  • What is a sign of cardiac distress that may be observed during a physical exam?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important aspect of the history of current complaint to assess for cardiac distress?

    <p>Exertional dyspnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure?

    <p>Pulse pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target apical heart rate for a 4 to 5 year old child?

    <p>70-110 bpm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During physical assessment of the abdomen, what might you inspect for in a patient with cardiac distress?

    <p>Distention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a physical sign of cardiac distress?

    <p>Dusky skin or pallor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a vibration felt during palpation over a narrowed vessel?

    <p>Thrill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the third heart sound, which occurs during early diastolic filling of the left ventricle?

    <p>S3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the tissues?

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of children have murmurs?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During physical assessment of the neck, what might you evaluate with the head of the bed at 30-45 degrees?

    <p>Jugular vein distension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a location where the heart sounds can be best auscultated?

    <p>Apex of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a blowing sound heard during auscultation over a narrowed vessel?

    <p>Bruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the contraction of the left atrium, which can be heard as a fourth heart sound?

    <p>Atrial gallop</p> Signup and view all the answers

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