Cardiac History and Physical Exam

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Questions and Answers

What is an important aspect of a physical exam to assess for cardiac distress in a child?

  • Evaluating activity level
  • Assessing for pallor and sweating (correct)
  • Observing feeding difficulties
  • Monitoring blood pressure

What is a relevant question to ask during the history of current complaint to assess for respiratory manifestations?

  • Do you have any family history of heart conditions?
  • Have you ever had any dizziness?
  • Have you experienced any chest pain? (correct)
  • Have you experienced any fatigue?

What is an important assessment to make during a physical exam to evaluate for cardiac distress?

  • Growth delays and prematurity
  • Heart tones and murmurs (correct)
  • Blood pressure and peripheral circulation
  • Respiratory rate and rhythm

What is a sign of cardiac distress that may be observed during a physical exam?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of the history of current complaint to assess for cardiac distress?

<p>Exertional dyspnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure?

<p>Pulse pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target apical heart rate for a 4 to 5 year old child?

<p>70-110 bpm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During physical assessment of the abdomen, what might you inspect for in a patient with cardiac distress?

<p>Distention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physical sign of cardiac distress?

<p>Dusky skin or pallor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a vibration felt during palpation over a narrowed vessel?

<p>Thrill (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the third heart sound, which occurs during early diastolic filling of the left ventricle?

<p>S3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the tissues?

<p>Edema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of children have murmurs?

<p>50% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During physical assessment of the neck, what might you evaluate with the head of the bed at 30-45 degrees?

<p>Jugular vein distension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a location where the heart sounds can be best auscultated?

<p>Apex of the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a blowing sound heard during auscultation over a narrowed vessel?

<p>Bruit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the contraction of the left atrium, which can be heard as a fourth heart sound?

<p>Atrial gallop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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