Cardiac Examination: Anatomy and Cycle

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Which of the following landmarks corresponds to the tricuspid valve?

2nd and 3rd left ICS

4th or 5th left ICS in MCL

4th left ICS/LLSB (correct)

2nd right ICS

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves open?

Systole

Both diastole and systole

Diastole (correct)

Neither diastole nor systole

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

Both diastole and systole

Diastole

Neither diastole nor systole

Systole (correct)

Which of the following is a sign of chronic heart conditions according to the text?

Clubbing of the fingernails Signup and view all the answers

Where is the pulmonic focus located according to the text?

2nd and 3rd left ICS Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves closed?

Systole Signup and view all the answers

Where is the mitral valve focus located according to the text?

4th or 5th left ICS in MCL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of palpating the apical impulse?

To assess the location and diameter of the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal heart rate range for adults and children over 10 years old?

60-100 beats per minute Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2)?

Increased blood flow to the right side of the heart during inspiration Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

Exhaling fully while leaning forward and holding the breath Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate mitral murmurs?

Lying on the left side Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the second heart sound (S2)?

Closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary determinant of the relative loudness of the A2 and P2 components of S2?

The pressures in the left and right sides of the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of listening to heart sounds during a physical examination?

To detect abnormal heart sounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2) during inspiration?

Increased venous return to the right side of the heart Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of underlying heart failure according to the text?

Fever Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic syndrome is associated with cardiac conditions according to the text?

Both Ehlers-Danlos and Marfan's syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for 'tin toenails' described in the text?

Clubbing Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Apical Impulse normally visible?

In the 4th or 5th left intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using tangential light when inspecting the Apical Impulse?

To make the impulse more visible Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of palpating the precordium from the right side with the patient supine and the upper trunk elevated 30 degrees?

To better feel the Point of Maximal Impulse (PMI) Signup and view all the answers

What can cause abnormal cardiac impulses?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which cardiac abnormality may cause a Parasternal Lift according to the text?

Aortic Regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of a Heave in terms of cardiac conditions?

Right Ventricular Hypertrophy Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver is used to detect thrills, lifts, and heaves on the precordium according to the text?

Palpation with Side of Hand Signup and view all the answers

In which position should the patient be for palpation of the Precordium according to the text?

Supine with Upper Trunk Elevated Signup and view all the answers

What does the Apical Impulse represent in terms of heart activity?

Left Ventricle Contraction Signup and view all the answers

Which cardiac condition may produce an Abnormal Parasternal Lift according to the text?

Pulmonary Stenosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of a Thrill when palpating the precordium?

Valvular Regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary determinant of the relative loudness of the A2 and P2 components of S2?

Higher pressures in the left side of the heart Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

Exhale fully while leaning forward and hold breath Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2) during inspiration?

Delay in right ventricular ejection Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate mitral murmurs?

Lie on left side while listening over apex Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal heart rate range for adults and children over 10 years old?

60-100 beats per minute Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of palpating the apical impulse?

To estimate the size of the heart Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

Systole Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of listening to heart sounds during a physical examination?

To evaluate the function of the heart valves Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves closed?

Systole Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle?

To allow blood flow from the atria to the ventricles Signup and view all the answers

At which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

Systole Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following landmarks corresponds to the pulmonic valve focus?

2nd and 3rd left intercostal spaces Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of chronic heart conditions mentioned in the text?

Difficulty breathing Signup and view all the answers

Where is the apical impulse normally visible?

In the left lateral and anterior chest Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of palpating the precordium from the right side with the patient supine and the upper trunk elevated 30 degrees?

To evaluate for abnormal cardiac impulses Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

Valsalva maneuver Signup and view all the answers

Cardiac Examination: Anatomy and Cycle

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following landmarks corresponds to the tricuspid valve?

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves open?

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

Which of the following is a sign of chronic heart conditions according to the text?

Where is the pulmonic focus located according to the text?

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves closed?

Where is the mitral valve focus located according to the text?

What is the primary purpose of palpating the apical impulse?

What is the normal heart rate range for adults and children over 10 years old?

What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2)?

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate mitral murmurs?

What is the primary cause of the second heart sound (S2)?

What is the primary determinant of the relative loudness of the A2 and P2 components of S2?

What is the main purpose of listening to heart sounds during a physical examination?

What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2) during inspiration?

Which of the following is NOT a sign of underlying heart failure according to the text?

Which genetic syndrome is associated with cardiac conditions according to the text?

What is the medical term for 'tin toenails' described in the text?

Where is the Apical Impulse normally visible?

What is the purpose of using tangential light when inspecting the Apical Impulse?

What is the purpose of palpating the precordium from the right side with the patient supine and the upper trunk elevated 30 degrees?

What can cause abnormal cardiac impulses?

Which cardiac abnormality may cause a Parasternal Lift according to the text?

What is the primary cause of a Heave in terms of cardiac conditions?

Which maneuver is used to detect thrills, lifts, and heaves on the precordium according to the text?

In which position should the patient be for palpation of the Precordium according to the text?

What does the Apical Impulse represent in terms of heart activity?

Which cardiac condition may produce an Abnormal Parasternal Lift according to the text?

What is the primary cause of a Thrill when palpating the precordium?

What is the primary determinant of the relative loudness of the A2 and P2 components of S2?

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2) during inspiration?

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate mitral murmurs?

What is the normal heart rate range for adults and children over 10 years old?

What is the primary purpose of palpating the apical impulse?

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

What is the main purpose of listening to heart sounds during a physical examination?

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves closed?

What is the primary function of the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle?

At which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

Which of the following landmarks corresponds to the pulmonic valve focus?

Which of the following is NOT a sign of chronic heart conditions mentioned in the text?

Where is the apical impulse normally visible?

What is the primary purpose of palpating the precordium from the right side with the patient supine and the upper trunk elevated 30 degrees?

Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

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