Cardiac Examination: Anatomy and Cycle
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following landmarks corresponds to the tricuspid valve?

  • 2nd and 3rd left ICS
  • 4th or 5th left ICS in MCL
  • 4th left ICS/LLSB (correct)
  • 2nd right ICS

    • During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves open?

  • Systole
  • Both diastole and systole
  • Diastole (correct)
  • Neither diastole nor systole

    • During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

  • Both diastole and systole
  • Diastole
  • Neither diastole nor systole
  • Systole (correct)

    • Which of the following is a sign of chronic heart conditions according to the text?

    <p>Clubbing of the fingernails (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the pulmonic focus located according to the text?

    <p>2nd and 3rd left ICS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves closed?

    <p>Systole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the mitral valve focus located according to the text?

    <p>4th or 5th left ICS in MCL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of palpating the apical impulse?

    <p>To assess the location and diameter of the heart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal heart rate range for adults and children over 10 years old?

    <p>60-100 beats per minute (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2)?

    <p>Increased blood flow to the right side of the heart during inspiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

    <p>Exhaling fully while leaning forward and holding the breath (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver can be used to accentuate mitral murmurs?

    <p>Lying on the left side (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the second heart sound (S2)?

    <p>Closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary determinant of the relative loudness of the A2 and P2 components of S2?

    <p>The pressures in the left and right sides of the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of listening to heart sounds during a physical examination?

    <p>To detect abnormal heart sounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2) during inspiration?

    <p>Increased venous return to the right side of the heart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign of underlying heart failure according to the text?

    <p>Fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic syndrome is associated with cardiac conditions according to the text?

    <p>Both Ehlers-Danlos and Marfan's syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medical term for 'tin toenails' described in the text?

    <p>Clubbing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Apical Impulse normally visible?

    <p>In the 4th or 5th left intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using tangential light when inspecting the Apical Impulse?

    <p>To make the impulse more visible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of palpating the precordium from the right side with the patient supine and the upper trunk elevated 30 degrees?

    <p>To better feel the Point of Maximal Impulse (PMI) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause abnormal cardiac impulses?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cardiac abnormality may cause a Parasternal Lift according to the text?

    <p>Aortic Regurgitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of a Heave in terms of cardiac conditions?

    <p>Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver is used to detect thrills, lifts, and heaves on the precordium according to the text?

    <p>Palpation with Side of Hand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which position should the patient be for palpation of the Precordium according to the text?

    <p>Supine with Upper Trunk Elevated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Apical Impulse represent in terms of heart activity?

    <p>Left Ventricle Contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cardiac condition may produce an Abnormal Parasternal Lift according to the text?

    <p>Pulmonary Stenosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of a Thrill when palpating the precordium?

    <p>Valvular Regurgitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary determinant of the relative loudness of the A2 and P2 components of S2?

    <p>Higher pressures in the left side of the heart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

    <p>Exhale fully while leaning forward and hold breath (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of a physiologic split in the second heart sound (S2) during inspiration?

    <p>Delay in right ventricular ejection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver can be used to accentuate mitral murmurs?

    <p>Lie on left side while listening over apex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal heart rate range for adults and children over 10 years old?

    <p>60-100 beats per minute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of palpating the apical impulse?

    <p>To estimate the size of the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

    <p>Systole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of listening to heart sounds during a physical examination?

    <p>To evaluate the function of the heart valves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle are the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves closed?

    <p>Systole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mitral and tricuspid (AV) valves during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle?

    <p>To allow blood flow from the atria to the ventricles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which phase of the cardiac cycle are the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves open?

    <p>Systole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following landmarks corresponds to the pulmonic valve focus?

    <p>2nd and 3rd left intercostal spaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign of chronic heart conditions mentioned in the text?

    <p>Difficulty breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the apical impulse normally visible?

    <p>In the left lateral and anterior chest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of palpating the precordium from the right side with the patient supine and the upper trunk elevated 30 degrees?

    <p>To evaluate for abnormal cardiac impulses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver can be used to accentuate aortic murmurs?

    <p>Valsalva maneuver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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