Cardiac Conduction System Quiz

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What is the primary purpose of an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

To visualize the structure of the heart

To measure blood pressure

To assess lung function

To quantify heart rate and detect changes in heart activity (correct)

Which term is used to describe the measurement of electrical activity from the heart?

Electromyogram (EMG)

Electrocardiogram (ECG) (correct)

Echocardiogram

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

What produces the trace seen on the screen of a heart monitor during an ECG recording?

Changes in blood pressure

Respiratory rate

Electrical activity from the heart (correct)

Muscular contractions

How many deflections above baseline are generally present in a 'standard trace' produced by an ECG recording?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What important component of the trace produced by an ECG recording tells us about heart function?

Segments between deflections Signup and view all the answers

Besides quantifying heart rate, what can an ECG help detect?

Changes in heart activity under different conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the most severe type of heart block?

Third degree heart block Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when P-waves are not followed by QRS complexes?

The heart is in a serious problem Signup and view all the answers

What are escape QRS complexes indicative of?

Pacemaker rhythm being generated in the ventricles Signup and view all the answers

Where does the heart become unstable if escape QRS complexes originate below?

Below the bundle of His Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle of lead II in electrocardiography (ECG)?

+60 degrees Signup and view all the answers

Which segment of the ECG represents the time of ventricular systole?

Q-T distance Signup and view all the answers

What does a normal sinus rhythm in ECG refer to?

Upright and uniform P-waves, 1:1 P wave:QRS complex ratio Signup and view all the answers

What does sinus arrhythmia show up as on an ECG trace?

Irregularly-spaced QRS complexes Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a wandering atrial pacemaker on an ECG trace?

Variable P-wave morphology and changing P-R distances Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of wide QRS complexes on an ECG trace indicate?

Heart block Signup and view all the answers

Which type of heart block is characterized by slightly prolonged P-R distances?

First degree heart block Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the space in between beats in a trace showing bradycardia?

It becomes larger Signup and view all the answers

What does the angle of lead aVR in ECG indicate?

-120 to -150 degrees Signup and view all the answers

Which segment of the ECG can be used to calculate heart rate?

R-R distance Signup and view all the answers

What do wide QRS complexes on an ECG trace indicate?

Heart block Signup and view all the answers

What does sinus arrhythmia show up as on an ECG trace?

Unevenly-spaced QRS complexes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the P-wave being significantly smaller than the QRS complex in an ECG?

Depolarisation of the atria produces much smaller deflections than does the depolarisation of the ventricles. Signup and view all the answers

What does the QRS complex on an ECG primarily reflect?

Depolarisation of the ventricles and atrial repolarisation Signup and view all the answers

What does the T-wave on an ECG represent?

Depolarisation of the ventricles Signup and view all the answers

What causes a slight delay between the P-wave and the QRS complex on an ECG?

Conduction through the AV node Signup and view all the answers

How do augmented unipolar limb leads differ from standard bipolar limb leads in an ECG?

They have a different orientation for electrode placement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of any disease state that leads to growth of muscle mass in the ventricles on an ECG?

It results in a larger QRS complex. Signup and view all the answers

What is reflected as the first phase of the P-wave on an ECG?

Pacemaker potential in the SA node Signup and view all the answers

Which component of an ECG trace reflects both similar and quite different traces compared to bipolar limb leads?

Augmented unipolar limb leads (aVR, aVL, and aVF) Signup and view all the answers

On an ECG trace, what does the flat segment between the P-wave and QRS complex reflect?

Time for electrical activity to conduct through AV node Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by a small downward deflection called the Q-wave on an ECG?

Ventricular depolarization Signup and view all the answers

What reflects the final deflection on an ECG trace after the QRS complex, and represents ventricular repolarization?

T-wave Signup and view all the answers

On an ECG, what causes a significant difference between augmented unipolar limb leads and standard bipolar limb leads?

Orientation for electrode placement Signup and view all the answers

What does an ECG measure?

Electrical activity on the body surface originating in the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the mean axis through the middle of the heart in which electrical activity flows?

60 degrees Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a slow heart beat?

Bradycardia Signup and view all the answers

Where are the electrodes placed for simple bipolar ECG limb leads?

Left arm and right arm Signup and view all the answers

What does Einthoven's Law state?

The potential in any wave in lead II is equal to the sum of the potentials in leads I and III Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with the first, small deflection called the P-wave?

Depolarization of the atria Signup and view all the answers

What does a wave of depolarization traveling toward the left leg appear as?

Positive deflections in leads II and III Signup and view all the answers

What change does an ECG reveal if the heart has undergone hypertrophy?

Increased muscle mass Signup and view all the answers

What does lead I cross through over the heart?

Center horizontally Signup and view all the answers

What disrupts a normal rhythm of the heart?

Ventricular arrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

What can cause changes in the ECG according to the text?

Electrolyte imbalances in extracellular fluid and blood Signup and view all the answers

What does a negative deflection appear as if a wave of depolarisation travels away from the left arm?

Lead I Signup and view all the answers

Cardiac Conduction System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

Which term is used to describe the measurement of electrical activity from the heart?

What produces the trace seen on the screen of a heart monitor during an ECG recording?

How many deflections above baseline are generally present in a 'standard trace' produced by an ECG recording?

What important component of the trace produced by an ECG recording tells us about heart function?

Besides quantifying heart rate, what can an ECG help detect?

What is the most severe type of heart block?

What does it mean when P-waves are not followed by QRS complexes?

What are escape QRS complexes indicative of?

Where does the heart become unstable if escape QRS complexes originate below?

What is the angle of lead II in electrocardiography (ECG)?

Which segment of the ECG represents the time of ventricular systole?

What does a normal sinus rhythm in ECG refer to?

What does sinus arrhythmia show up as on an ECG trace?

What indicates a wandering atrial pacemaker on an ECG trace?

What does the presence of wide QRS complexes on an ECG trace indicate?

Which type of heart block is characterized by slightly prolonged P-R distances?

What happens to the space in between beats in a trace showing bradycardia?

What does the angle of lead aVR in ECG indicate?

Which segment of the ECG can be used to calculate heart rate?

What do wide QRS complexes on an ECG trace indicate?

What does sinus arrhythmia show up as on an ECG trace?

What is the primary reason for the P-wave being significantly smaller than the QRS complex in an ECG?

What does the QRS complex on an ECG primarily reflect?

What does the T-wave on an ECG represent?

What causes a slight delay between the P-wave and the QRS complex on an ECG?

How do augmented unipolar limb leads differ from standard bipolar limb leads in an ECG?

What is the primary effect of any disease state that leads to growth of muscle mass in the ventricles on an ECG?

What is reflected as the first phase of the P-wave on an ECG?

Which component of an ECG trace reflects both similar and quite different traces compared to bipolar limb leads?

On an ECG trace, what does the flat segment between the P-wave and QRS complex reflect?

What is represented by a small downward deflection called the Q-wave on an ECG?

What reflects the final deflection on an ECG trace after the QRS complex, and represents ventricular repolarization?

On an ECG, what causes a significant difference between augmented unipolar limb leads and standard bipolar limb leads?

What does an ECG measure?

What is the mean axis through the middle of the heart in which electrical activity flows?

Which term refers to a slow heart beat?

Where are the electrodes placed for simple bipolar ECG limb leads?

What does Einthoven's Law state?

What is associated with the first, small deflection called the P-wave?

What does a wave of depolarization traveling toward the left leg appear as?

What change does an ECG reveal if the heart has undergone hypertrophy?

What does lead I cross through over the heart?

What disrupts a normal rhythm of the heart?

What can cause changes in the ECG according to the text?

What does a negative deflection appear as if a wave of depolarisation travels away from the left arm?

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