Cardiac Conduction System Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which heart sound is rarely heard in normal adults, especially when the ventricle is stiff or atrial pressure is high?

  • First sound
  • Second sound
  • Third sound
  • Fourth sound (correct)
  • What is the main cause of the second heart sound?

  • Acceleration of blood in the heart
  • Deceleration of blood in the heart
  • Vibrations associated with closure of aortic and pulmonary valves (correct)
  • High atrial pressure
  • What is the frequency range of the first heart sound?

  • 10-20 Hz
  • 70-80 Hz
  • 25-45 Hz (correct)
  • 50-60 Hz
  • In which phase of the cardiac cycle is the third heart sound typically heard?

    <p>Diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the best location to hear the third heart sound in most individuals?

    <p>5th intercostal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes reduplication (physiologic splitting) of the second heart sound?

    <p>Frequent aortic and pulmonary valve closure during expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the A-V bundle myofibrils have a slow rate of conduction compared to the atrial and ventricular muscles?

    <p>Due to their small size and decreased number of gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the opening of the heart valves not audible when listening with a stethoscope?

    <p>Because the process of valve opening is slow and noiseless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the first heart sound (S1) to be low in pitch and relatively long-lasting?

    <p>Closure of the A-V valves when the ventricles contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the rapid snap sound heard when the aortic and pulmonary valves close at the end of systole?

    <p>Rapid closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do gap junctions play in the conduction of the cardiac action potential?

    <p>Facilitate rapid conduction between muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does one not hear the opening of heart valves even though they are moving?

    <p>The opening process is silent and slow</p> Signup and view all the answers

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