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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the correct rate for chest compressions in cardiac arrest, according to the protocol?
Which of the following is the correct rate for chest compressions in cardiac arrest, according to the protocol?
- 100-120 compressions per minute (correct)
- 120-140 compressions per minute
- 60-80 compressions per minute
- 80-100 compressions per minute
What is the recommended duration of one adult cycle of chest compressions, according to the protocol?
What is the recommended duration of one adult cycle of chest compressions, according to the protocol?
- 2 minutes (correct)
- 3 minutes
- 1 minute
- 4 minutes
When should defibrillator pads be applied during chest compressions, according to the protocol?
When should defibrillator pads be applied during chest compressions, according to the protocol?
- After assessing the rhythm (correct)
- During compressions
- After starting compressions
- Before starting compressions
What should be done if the patient has a shockable rhythm, according to the protocol?
What should be done if the patient has a shockable rhythm, according to the protocol?
Which is the preferred vascular access in cardiac arrest situations?
Which is the preferred vascular access in cardiac arrest situations?
What should be done after administering epinephrine via the Advanced Airway route?
What should be done after administering epinephrine via the Advanced Airway route?
When should medications be given during the compression cycle?
When should medications be given during the compression cycle?
What is the recommended duration of CPR before identifying the rhythm and following AED prompts?
What is the recommended duration of CPR before identifying the rhythm and following AED prompts?
According to the protocol, how often should epinephrine be repeated during the arrest?
According to the protocol, how often should epinephrine be repeated during the arrest?
What action should be taken if the rhythm is NOT shockable after completing 2 minutes of CPR?
What action should be taken if the rhythm is NOT shockable after completing 2 minutes of CPR?
When should amiodarone be administered during CPR?
When should amiodarone be administered during CPR?
When should sodium bicarbonate be considered for administration?
When should sodium bicarbonate be considered for administration?
Which rhythm is characterized by an organized rhythm other than ventricular tachycardia on the cardiac monitor in a patient without a palpable carotid pulse?
Which rhythm is characterized by an organized rhythm other than ventricular tachycardia on the cardiac monitor in a patient without a palpable carotid pulse?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with PEA?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with PEA?
What is the best indicator of a viable asystole?
What is the best indicator of a viable asystole?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with a slow and wide cardiac rhythm without a carotid pulse?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with a slow and wide cardiac rhythm without a carotid pulse?
Which of the following is the recommended approach for airway management in a patient with cardiac arrest?
Which of the following is the recommended approach for airway management in a patient with cardiac arrest?
Which airway management intervention might be preferred in cases of suspected upper airway inhalation burns, severe facial trauma, or presence of vomitus in the mouth?
Which airway management intervention might be preferred in cases of suspected upper airway inhalation burns, severe facial trauma, or presence of vomitus in the mouth?
What is the primary airway choice in cardiac arrest?
What is the primary airway choice in cardiac arrest?
When is it appropriate to use an Endotracheal Tube (ETT) as the airway choice in cardiac arrest?
When is it appropriate to use an Endotracheal Tube (ETT) as the airway choice in cardiac arrest?
Which intervention should be performed for a patient with hypoxemia?
Which intervention should be performed for a patient with hypoxemia?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with hydrogen ion acidosis?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with hydrogen ion acidosis?
What should be done for a patient with hypothermia?
What should be done for a patient with hypothermia?
Which intervention is recommended for a patient with hyperkalemia?
Which intervention is recommended for a patient with hyperkalemia?
What is the appropriate treatment for a patient with hypoglycemia?
What is the appropriate treatment for a patient with hypoglycemia?
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Study Notes
Chest Compressions in Cardiac Arrest
- Correct rate for chest compressions: 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
- Recommended duration for one adult cycle of chest compressions: 2 minutes.
- Defibrillator pads should be applied as soon as available, even during ongoing compressions.
Shockable Rhythm Protocol
- If a patient displays a shockable rhythm, deliver one shock and resume CPR immediately for 2 minutes.
- Medications like epinephrine should be repeated every 3 to 5 minutes during the arrest.
Vascular Access and Medications
- Preferred vascular access in cardiac arrest situations is intraosseous (IO) or intravenous (IV).
- After administering epinephrine via the Advanced Airway route, continue CPR and reassess rhythm.
CPR and Medication Timing
- CPR should be continued for 2 minutes before checking the rhythm and following AED prompts.
- Medications can be given at any time during the compression cycle.
Rhythm and Shockable Considerations
- If the rhythm is NOT shockable after 2 minutes of CPR, continue CPR and reassess frequently.
- Amiodarone is administered during CPR after the third shock in a patient with ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia.
Acidosis and Other Conditions
- Sodium bicarbonate should be considered for metabolic acidosis, particularly in cases of hyperkalemia.
- For hydrogen ion acidosis, supportive treatments and correcting underlying causes are advised.
Special Considerations
- Best indicator of viable asystole is the presence of electrical activity without a pulse.
- Treatment for patients with PEA (Pulseless Electrical Activity) focuses on high-quality CPR and addressing underlying causes.
Airway Management Strategies
- Recommended approach for airway management in cardiac arrest includes using bag-valve-mask ventilation and advanced airway adjuncts if needed.
- Prefer endotracheal intubation (ETT) in patients with suspected upper airway inhalation burns or severe facial trauma.
Treatment for Specific Conditions
- For hypoxemia, provide supplemental oxygen and ensure proper ventilation.
- Hypothermia treatment involves rewarming procedures.
- Hyperkalemia requires calcium administration, hydration, and consider using sodium bicarbonate.
- Treat hypoglycemia with glucose or dextrose administration.
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