Carbohydrates: Overview, Types, and Functions Quiz

Carbohydrates: Overview, Types, and Functions

Carbohydrates, often referred to as carbs, are one of the three main types of nutrients in our diet, alongside proteins and fats. They are essential for the human body, as they provide the primary energy source for cells, tissues, and organs.

Sugars

Sugars, also known as monosaccharides or simple carbohydrates, are the most basic form of carbohydrates. They can be naturally occurring, such as those found in fruits, vegetables, and milk, or added to foods, like in candies or desserts. Sugars consist of a single sugar molecule, such as glucose, fructose, or galactose.

Starches

Starches, or complex carbohydrates, are polymers made up of multiple sugar molecules. They include foods like bread, cereal, pasta, and certain vegetables, such as potatoes, peas, and corn. Starch provides a slower energy release than simple sugars, as it requires more time for the body to break it down into glucose.

Fiber

Fiber is another complex carbohydrate that is essential for maintaining a healthy diet. It is a type of dietary fiber that cannot be easily digested by the body. Fiber is found in many plant-based foods, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, beans, and whole grains.

Carbohydrates play several roles in our bodies, including providing energy, participating in immune system functions, aiding in blood clotting, and supporting reproduction. They are also used as a structural component in plants and as energy storage in both plants and animals.