Podcast
Questions and Answers
Monosaccharides are characterized by a sweet taste and have several polar-______ groups.
OH
Disaccharides are formed by bonding two sugar units together through ______ reactions.
condensation
Starch is mainly composed of two components: ______ and amylopectin.
amylose
Glycogen serves as an energy storage reserve in animals, particularly in the ______ and muscles.
Signup and view all the answers
Cellulose is composed of long chains of β-D-______ units linked by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds.
Signup and view all the answers
Glycogen features a highly branched, tree-like structure that allows for ______ glucose mobilization.
Signup and view all the answers
Starch is found in root vegetables like potatoes and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Cellulose contributes to the ______ resistance capability of plants.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Monosaccharides
- Simple sugars, the simplest carbohydrates
- Sweet taste
- Soluble in water due to many polar hydroxyl (-OH) groups
Examples of Monosaccharides
- Glucose
- Ribose
- Deoxyribose
- Fructose
- Galactose
Disaccharides
- Two sugar units bonded together
- Formed through condensation reactions (loss of water)
Examples of Disaccharides
- Maltose (glucose + glucose)
- Sucrose (glucose + fructose)
- Lactose (glucose + galactose)
Polysaccharides
- Many sugar units bonded together
- Important for energy storage and structural support in living organisms
- Energy-storage polysaccharides are broken down into monosaccharides for cellular processes
Starch
- Energy storage in plants
- Two main components:
- Amylose (linear chain of α-glucose)
- Amylopectin (branched chain of α-glucose)
- Slow release of glucose, important for steady energy supply
- Found in: potatoes, grains, legumes, seeds
Glycogen
- Energy storage in animals
- Highly branched chain of α-glucose
- Rapid release of glucose, important for quick energy demand
- Found in: liver and muscles of animals
Cellulose
- Structural component in plant cell walls
- Long chains of β-glucose bonded together
- Provides structural support and rigidity
- Not digestible by humans, acts as dietary fiber
- Found in: plants, fruits, vegetables, whole grains
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on carbohydrates including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Learn about their structures, examples, and functions in living organisms. This quiz will help you understand the basics of sugar types and their importance in biology.
