Podcast
Questions and Answers
Also known as ______, simple sugars cannot be broken down into simpler sugars.
Also known as ______, simple sugars cannot be broken down into simpler sugars.
monosaccharides
Glycogen is a complex carbohydrate stored in the ______ and muscles.
Glycogen is a complex carbohydrate stored in the ______ and muscles.
liver
[Blank] are complex carbohydrates found in plants, composed of three or more sugars linked together.
[Blank] are complex carbohydrates found in plants, composed of three or more sugars linked together.
Starch
The general term for carbohydrates, including simple and complex carbohydrates, is ______.
The general term for carbohydrates, including simple and complex carbohydrates, is ______.
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The process by which carbohydrates are broken down to produce energy is called ______ metabolism.
The process by which carbohydrates are broken down to produce energy is called ______ metabolism.
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The hormone that regulates blood sugar levels along with glucagon is ______.
The hormone that regulates blood sugar levels along with glucagon is ______.
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Study Notes
Carbohydrates
Simple Sugars
- Also known as monosaccharides
- Cannot be broken down into simpler sugars
- Examples:
- Glucose (dextrose or grape sugar)
- Fructose (fruit sugar)
- Galactose (milk sugar)
Glycogen
- A complex carbohydrate stored in the liver and muscles
- Composed of branched chains of glucose molecules
- Functions:
- Energy storage
- Quickly converted to glucose for energy
- Important for:
- Maintaining blood sugar levels
- Providing energy for high-intensity activities
Complex Carbohydrates
- Also known as polysaccharides
- Composed of three or more sugars linked together
- Examples:
- Starch (plant-based)
- Cellulose (plant-based)
- Chitin (found in insects and crustaceans)
- Functions:
- Providing energy
- Supporting digestive health
Saccharides
- General term for carbohydrates, including simple and complex carbohydrates
- Classified into:
- Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
- Disaccharides (two sugars linked together)
- Polysaccharides (three or more sugars linked together)
Carbohydrates Metabolism
- Process by which carbohydrates are broken down to produce energy
- Steps:
- Ingestion of carbohydrates
- Breakdown into simpler sugars (e.g., glucose)
- Absorption into bloodstream
- Transport to cells
- Cellular respiration (breakdown of glucose to produce energy)
- Regulation:
- Insulin and glucagon hormones regulate blood sugar levels
- Glycogen synthesis and breakdown controlled by hormones and enzymes
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Description
Learn about the different types of carbohydrates, including simple sugars, complex carbohydrates, and their functions in the body. Understand how carbohydrates are metabolized to produce energy.
