Carbohydrate Metabolism

Which type of molecules are carbohydrates?

What is the empirical formula of carbohydrates?

What serves as the building blocks of large carbohydrate polymers?

Which group do aldoses contain?

What is the classification of monosaccharides according to the carbonyl group they contain?

How many carbons are there in pentoses?

What differentiates homopolysaccharides from heteropolysaccharides?

Where is glycogen primarily stored in the body?

What is the function of hyaluronic acid in the body?

During which phase of glycolysis are ATP and NADH produced?

Which hormone activates glycogenolysis in the liver during fasting conditions?

Where does gluconeogenesis mainly occur in the body?

Carbohydrate Molecules

Carbohydrates are composed of simple sugars, or saccharides, which are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.

Carbohydrate Formula

The empirical formula of carbohydrates is CH2O, indicating a 1:1:1 ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.

Carbohydrate Building Blocks

Monosaccharides serve as the building blocks of large carbohydrate polymers.

Aldose Classification

Aldoses are monosaccharides that contain an aldehyde group.

Monosaccharide Classification

Monosaccharides can be classified as aldoses or ketoses, depending on the presence of an aldehyde or ketone group.

Pentose Characteristics

Pentoses are a type of monosaccharide that contains five carbon atoms.

Polysaccharide Classification

Homopolysaccharides are composed of a single type of monosaccharide, while heteropolysaccharides are composed of multiple types of monosaccharides.

Glycogen Storage

Glycogen, a complex carbohydrate, is primarily stored in the liver and muscles.

Hyaluronic Acid Function

Hyaluronic acid, a polysaccharide, plays a crucial role in maintaining skin hydration and facilitating tissue repair.

Glycolysis Phases

ATP and NADH are produced during the payoff phase of glycolysis.

Glycogenolysis Regulation

The hormone glucagon activates glycogenolysis in the liver during fasting conditions, breaking down glycogen into glucose.

Gluconeogenesis Location

Gluconeogenesis, the process of generating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, mainly occurs in the liver and kidneys.

Test your knowledge about the characteristics, structure, and metabolism of carbohydrates. Learn about the digestion, absorption, synthesis, and degradation of glucose and glycogen, as well as the concepts of the Cori cycle and glucose-alanine cycle.