Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most significant fuel for a fetus?
What is the most significant fuel for a fetus?
Where in the digestive system does chemical digestion of carbohydrates begin?
Where in the digestive system does chemical digestion of carbohydrates begin?
Which enzyme is NOT involved in carbohydrate digestion in the intestine?
Which enzyme is NOT involved in carbohydrate digestion in the intestine?
Which monosaccharide is absorbed via carrier-mediated transport?
Which monosaccharide is absorbed via carrier-mediated transport?
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What is the main product of gluconeogenesis?
What is the main product of gluconeogenesis?
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What are the end products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?
What are the end products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?
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Which process involves the breakdown of glycogen to glucose?
Which process involves the breakdown of glycogen to glucose?
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Which transportation mechanism is used for the absorption of pentoses?
Which transportation mechanism is used for the absorption of pentoses?
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What is the primary source of glucose in the body?
What is the primary source of glucose in the body?
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Where does the digestion of carbohydrates continue after the mouth?
Where does the digestion of carbohydrates continue after the mouth?
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What is the mechanism of absorption of galactose in the intestine?
What is the mechanism of absorption of galactose in the intestine?
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What is the net energy yield of glycolysis under aerobic conditions?
What is the net energy yield of glycolysis under aerobic conditions?
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What is the source of glucose in gluconeogenesis?
What is the source of glucose in gluconeogenesis?
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What is the process of breaking down glucose to produce pyruvate or lactate?
What is the process of breaking down glucose to produce pyruvate or lactate?
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What is the role of salivary amylase in the digestion of carbohydrates?
What is the role of salivary amylase in the digestion of carbohydrates?
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What is the result of glycolysis under aerobic conditions?
What is the result of glycolysis under aerobic conditions?
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Study Notes
Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption
- Glucose is the most important dietary carbohydrate absorbed through the intestine into the blood.
- It is the major metabolic fuel and a universal fuel for the fetus.
- Glucose is stored in the liver as liver glycogen and in muscle as muscle glycogen.
Digestion Process
- In the mouth, both chemical and mechanical digestion occur, with salivary amylase breaking down carbohydrates.
- In the stomach, there are no active carbohydrate-splitting enzymes, and no chemical digestion occurs.
- In the intestine, pancreatic juice contains pancreatic amylase, and intestinal juice contains intestinal amylase, both breaking down carbohydrates.
Absorption of Carbohydrates
- Monosaccharides are absorbed by the intestine and reach the blood.
- Glucose is absorbed through active transport mechanism.
- Galactose is absorbed through active transport mechanism.
- Fructose is absorbed through carrier-mediated transport mechanism.
- Pentoses are absorbed through simple diffusion.
Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogenolysis, and Glycogenesis
- Glycolysis is the process of glucose breakdown to produce pyruvate or lactate, releasing energy.
- Aerobic conditions yield 7 ATPs, while anaerobic conditions yield 2 ATPs.
- Gluconeogenesis is the process of glucose synthesis from non-carbohydrate sources, including glycerol, lactate, pyruvate, and glucogenic amino acids.
- Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen to glucose.
- Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from glucose.
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Description
This quiz covers the process of carbohydrate digestion, absorption, and storage in the body, including the role of enzymes and glycogen storage.
