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Questions and Answers
What is the basis for distinguishing between fixed and circulating capital?
What is the basis for distinguishing between fixed and circulating capital?
- Based on the nature of the transfer of surplus value into the new product.
- Based on the nature of the transfer of value into the new product. (correct)
- Based on the nature of the transfer of value into the old product.
- Based on the nature of the transfer of use-value into the new product.
What is the nature of the transfer of value for fixed capital?
What is the nature of the transfer of value for fixed capital?
- The use-value is transferred gradually, in portions, into the new product.
- The value is transferred gradually, in portions, into the old product.
- The value is transferred all at once into the new product.
- The value is transferred gradually, in portions, into the new product. (correct)
What is the nature of the transfer of value for circulating capital?
What is the nature of the transfer of value for circulating capital?
- The value is transferred gradually into the new product after the production process.
- The value is transferred entirely into the old product after the production process.
- The value is transferred entirely into the new product after the production process. (correct)
- The use-value is transferred entirely into the new product after the production process.
What is the circulating capital when participating in the production process?
What is the circulating capital when participating in the production process?
What does the economic crisis cycle in capitalism consist of?
What does the economic crisis cycle in capitalism consist of?
The cost of capitalist production (k) includes:
The cost of capitalist production (k) includes:
Regarding quantity, the cost of capitalist production (k) is:
Regarding quantity, the cost of capitalist production (k) is:
In essence, profit and surplus value are both:
In essence, profit and surplus value are both:
When goods are sold at their true value:
When goods are sold at their true value:
Regarding the quantity of profit (p), it can be:
Regarding the quantity of profit (p), it can be:
Regarding the rate of profit (p'):
Regarding the rate of profit (p'):
The rate of profit (p'') is:
The rate of profit (p'') is:
Competition within a sector will:
Competition within a sector will:
The purpose of competition within a sector is:
The purpose of competition within a sector is:
Competition among sectors is:
Competition among sectors is:
The purpose of competition among sectors is:
The purpose of competition among sectors is:
The result of competition among sectors:
The result of competition among sectors:
Average profit is:
Average profit is:
The average rate of profit is:
The average rate of profit is:
When forming an average profit, the value of goods will transform into:
When forming an average profit, the value of goods will transform into:
The capitalist Production price is equal to:
The capitalist Production price is equal to:
The law of production prices is:
The law of production prices is:
Commercial capital in capitalism is:
Commercial capital in capitalism is:
The origin of profit for commercial capital is:
The origin of profit for commercial capital is:
Loan capital is:
Loan capital is:
The source of interest is:
The source of interest is:
One of the basic characteristics of loan capital is:
One of the basic characteristics of loan capital is:
The formula for the movement of loan capital is:
The formula for the movement of loan capital is:
The limit of the interest rate (z'') is:
The limit of the interest rate (z'') is:
The interest rate (z'') is:
The interest rate (z'') is:
Capitalist land rent is:
Capitalist land rent is:
The basic forms of capitalist land rent include:
The basic forms of capitalist land rent include:
Absolute rent is the rent that:
Absolute rent is the rent that:
The similarity between differential rent and absolute rent is:
The similarity between differential rent and absolute rent is:
Flashcards
Fixed vs. Current Capital Division
Fixed vs. Current Capital Division
The basis is the nature of the transfer of its value into the new product.
Fixed Capital Value Transfer
Fixed Capital Value Transfer
Value is gradually transferred, in parts, into the new product.
Current Capital Value Transfer
Current Capital Value Transfer
Value is fully transferred to the new product after the production process.
Current assets
Current assets
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Stages of the Economic Cycle
Stages of the Economic Cycle
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Capitalist Production Cost
Capitalist Production Cost
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Capitalist Production Cost (Quantity)
Capitalist Production Cost (Quantity)
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Profit and Surplus Value Nature
Profit and Surplus Value Nature
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Commodities Sold at Value
Commodities Sold at Value
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The Mass of Profit (p)
The Mass of Profit (p)
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Rate of profit (p')
Rate of profit (p')
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Rate of Profit (p')
Rate of Profit (p')
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Intra-Industry Competition Result
Intra-Industry Competition Result
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Competition within the Industry
Competition within the Industry
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Objective of Intra-Industry Competition
Objective of Intra-Industry Competition
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Study Notes
- Fixed capital and circulating capital can be divided based on the nature of value transfer into new products.
- Fixed capital gradually transfers value in parts into new products.
- Circulating capital transfers entire value into new products after production.
- Circulating capital is the part of capital that transfers its value gradually into new goods and includes raw materials and labor costs during production.
- The capitalist economic crisis cycle includes: crisis, depression, recovery, and prosperity.
- Capitalist production costs include constant capital and variable capital.
- Capitalist production costs are less than the value of the goods.
- Profit and surplus value are unpaid labor of workers.
- When goods are sold at their true value, profit equals surplus value.
- The amount of profit can be equal to, higher than, or lower than the amount of surplus value.
- The rate of profit is always less than the rate of surplus value.
- The rate of profit is the percentage between total surplus value and total invested capital.
- Intra-industry competition forms the market value of goods.
- Intra-industry competition is competition among manufacturers in the same industry, producing the same types of goods.
- The goal of intra-industry competition is to seek super profits.
- Inter-industry competition is competition among manufacturers in different industries.
- The goal of inter-industry competition is to find industries with high profits to invest in.
- As a result of inter-industry competition, average profit is formed.
- Average profit is equal profit from equal amounts of invested capital when invested in different industries.
- The average rate of profit is the average rate of profit among industries.
- When the average profit is established, the value of commodities will transform into production prices.
- Capitalist production prices equal production costs plus average profit.
- The law of production prices is the appearance of the law of value in the era of free competition of capitalism.
- Commercial capital in capitalism is a part of industrial capital separated to serve the circulation of goods.
- The source of profit for commercial capital is a portion of surplus value that industrial capital relinquishes to commercial capital.
- Loan capital involves monetary capital that the owner lends to others for a definite period to collect interest.
- A portion of the surplus value workers create in production is the origin of interest.
- A fundamental characteristic of loan capital is the separation of ownership rights from use rights.
- The formula for the movement of loan capital is money lent becomes money plus interest.
- The limit of the interest rate is zero is less than the interest rate, which is less than the profit rate.
- The interest rate is the percentage between interest and total loan capital.
- Capitalist land rent is the portion of surplus value above average profit that capitalist agricultural businesses must pay to landowners.
- The basic forms of capitalist land rent are differential rent and absolute rent.
- Differential rent and absolute rent share the similarity of originating from surplus value.
- Absolute rent is when capitalist tenants must pay landowners, regardless of the type of land they rent.
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