Capacitor Basics and Applications Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the letter M indicate when following numeric digits in capacitance values?

Mega farads

Micro farads (correct)

Milli farads

Nano farads

What is the capacitance value represented by the code 2M2?

2.2 μF (correct)

0.22 μF

2.2 nF

22 μF

In the colour coding of capacitors, which band indicates the tolerance percentage?

Fourth band (correct)

Third band

Second band

First band

For the code n46, what would be the capacitance value?

0.46 nF Signup and view all the answers

If a capacitor has the marking 10k, what does this represent?

10 kpF Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of capacitance?

Farad Signup and view all the answers

How does a capacitor behave when it is charged and the battery is removed?

It discharges through the available path. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capacitor is used when large capacitance values are required?

Electrolytic Capacitor Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an AC signal is applied across a capacitor?

The capacitor passes AC and blocks DC. Signup and view all the answers

What does the equation C = Q/V represent?

The capacitance value of a capacitor. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a capacitor when it is connected in shunt between two circuits?

It bypasses the AC signal. Signup and view all the answers

Which equation shows the relationship of the area of the plates and distance between them with capacitance?

C = (εA)/d Signup and view all the answers

When a capacitor is connected in series between two circuits, what is the outcome?

It passes AC signals and blocks DC signals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacitor range for electrolytic capacitors?

1µF to 47000µF Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capacitor is made using a ceramic material as its dielectric?

Ceramic Capacitor Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of paper capacitors?

Large size Signup and view all the answers

In which application are mica capacitors typically used?

Filtering ripples in power supply circuits Signup and view all the answers

What type of capacitor can have its capacitance varied based on requirement?

Variable Capacitor Signup and view all the answers

What is the voltage range for ceramic capacitors?

Up to 500V Signup and view all the answers

How is a gang capacitor structured?

One fixed plate and one movable plate Signup and view all the answers

How are the capacitance values determined from the numbering system?

The last digit indicates how many zeros to add Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Module 4: Semiconductor Devices

Covers the evolution of electronics, from vacuum tubes to nanoelectronics.
Includes details on resistors, capacitors, and inductors, including types, specifications, and color coding.
Discusses PN junction diodes, explaining their principle of operation, V-I characteristics, and avalanche breakdown.
Explores bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), detailing PNP and NPN structures, principles of operation, and relationships between current gains (CE, CB, CC).
Includes input and output characteristics of common emitter configurations.

Capacitor

Used for storing electrical charge.
Constructed from two metal plates separated by a dielectric medium.
Capacitance measures the amount of charge stored.
Farad (F) is the SI unit of capacitance.
Other units include µF, nF, and pF.

Capacitor Behavior

When connected to a battery, a capacitor charges.
When the battery is removed, it discharges.
Capacitors allow AC signals to pass but block DC signals.
In series circuits, they block DC signals from flowing between circuits while allowing AC signals to pass through.
In shunt circuits, they pass AC signals without allowing them to flow between circuits.
Used for signal generation, tuning, timing, and filtering.

Capacitor Calculation

Capacitance (C) is calculated by dividing the charge (Q) by the voltage (V): C = Q/V.
The equation C = ε₀A/d describes capacitance, where:
A is the area of the plates.
ε₀ is the permittivity of the dielectric.
d is the distance between the plates.

Capacitor Types

Fixed Capacitors:
Electrolytic: Used for large capacitance values; have a polarized nature (require correct DC polarity) with ranges from 1µF to 47,000µF and voltage ranges from 1V to 500V; used in filter circuits and coupling.
Ceramic: Non-polarized capacitors, range from 1pF to 0.22µF and are used in high-frequency applications.
Mica: Non-polarized capacitors with mica dielectric; used in resonance circuits and ripple filtering in power supply circuits; have range from 5 to 10,000pF and voltages up to 500V.
Paper: Oil-impregnated paper is used as a dielectric between aluminum foils in film style capacitors; are non-polarized; have disadvantages of large size; range from 300pF to 4 µF and voltage ranges from 600V.
Variable Capacitors: Variable capacitance based on requirement; used for tuning.
Gang Capacitor: A group of capacitors connected together on a shaft to adjust capacitance for tuning.
Trimmer: Used when adjusting capacitance value is not frequent; two plates mounted on a base, separated by a dielectric material, adjustable using a screw.

Capacitor Numbering System

Values greater than 1 are given in pF.
Values less than 1 are given in µF.
Three-digit numbers imply the first two digits are the values and the third represents the number of zeros added to the first two.
Letter "k" signifies kilo-prefix (e.g., "10k" means 10kpF.).
A letter "n" or "M" indicates nano or micro farads, respectively.
Example: "473J" = 47,000 pF (or 47nF), or ±5% tolerance.

Capacitor Color Coding

Capacitors use color bands for identifying capacitance value.
Reading bands from left to right:
First band: first digit.
Second band: second digit.
Third band: multiplier (number of zeros).
Fourth band (some): tolerance (percentage).
Fifth band (some): temperature coefficient.
Sixth band (some): working voltage.

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Description

Test your knowledge on capacitors with this quiz covering essential concepts such as capacitance values, color coding, and behavior in circuits. Explore various types of capacitors and their applications, including electrolytic types and series configurations. Perfect for electronics enthusiasts and students alike!