Capacitor Banks in Power Systems

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What is the primary purpose of conducting a power factor analysis in a distribution system?

To identify the best location for energy storage systems

To establish the maximum demand during peak periods

To determine the overall system voltage levels during low load conditions

To detect areas needing capacitor banks for low power factor improvement (correct)

Which type of metering system is most relevant for tracking both energy consumption and energy fed back into the grid from renewable sources?

Demand Meters

Net Metering (correct)

Smart Meters

Prepaid Meters

Which capacitor bank type allows for flexibility in operation by being turned on or off as needed?

Dynamically switched capacitor banks

Fixed capacitor banks

Switched banks (correct)

Automatic capacitor banks with controllers

What is a primary benefit gained from implementing routine maintenance for capacitor banks?

Early identification of issues and reliability in power factor correction (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a critical aspect of the selection process for capacitor banks?

The specific requirements and characteristics of the distribution system (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized by a phase displacement of 120º among electrical quantities?

Positive sequence impedance (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sequence impedance is described as having no mutual impedance between components?

All sequence impedances (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a power system, which sequence network is primarily used for analyzing symmetrical faults?

Positive sequence network (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is sequence impedance calculated in a power system?

By the ratio of phase sequence voltage to phase sequence current (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sequence networks in power systems?

To perform load flow studies and fault calculations (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which sequence component is not directly analyzed when considering positive sequence impedance?

Zero sequence current (A), Negative sequence current (D) Signup and view all the answers

What defines the negative sequence impedance in a power system?

The impedance associated with the flow of negative sequence current (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of using symmetrical components in power system analysis?

To simplify calculations of asymmetrical fault conditions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of connecting transformers in a Delta-Star configuration regarding phase voltage?

Secondary phase voltage leads primary phase voltage by 30°. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following connections avoids issues with unbalanced loads and third harmonics?

Star-Delta connection (C) Signup and view all the answers

In an open delta configuration, what percentage of load capacity is retained when one transformer is removed?

58% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor affecting the power factor of an AC circuit?

Inductive nature of the circuit (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the current in each winding of a V-V transformer when it operates under rated load?

Current increases by √3 times. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a leading power factor in a circuit?

Voltage lags behind current (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connection provides a balanced path for the circulation of third harmonics without the use of a neutral wire?

Star-Delta connection (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the component of current that is in phase with voltage in an AC circuit?

Active component (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily used to neutralize the lagging reactive component of load current?

Static capacitor (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the voltage relationship in a Delta-Star transformer connection?

Primary line voltage is equal to √3 times the secondary line voltage. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key disadvantage of static capacitors regarding their lifespan?

Short service life ranging from 8 to 10 years (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does a synchronous condenser improve power factor?

By drawing a leading current (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical power factor value expressed in percentage that corresponds to a power factor of 0.7?

70% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What defines the operation of a phase advancer in relation to induction motors?

It provides exciting ampere turns at slip frequency (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using static capacitors?

Long service life (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the power factor improvement important for generating stations?

Increases their kWh output delivery (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main drawbacks of synchronous condensers?

Noisy operation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant disadvantage of phase advancers when used with motors?

Not economical for motors below 200 H.P. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method to connect capacitors for three-phase loads?

In star or delta (B) Signup and view all the answers

When considering installing capacitor banks, what is NOT a benefit of their installation in a distribution system?

Decreases system efficiency (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the positive and negative sequence networks?

The negative sequence network is of opposite sign compared to the positive sequence network. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the voltage and current in the negative and zero sequence networks during a balanced system?

Both have zero voltage at the fault point. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the Delta-Delta connection is true?

An open delta configuration can supply power even with one transformer failure. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant disadvantage of the Delta-Delta transformer connection?

There is no neutral available for grounding. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern with the Star-Star connection regarding load conditions?

The absence of a neutral can lead to severe voltage unbalance. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a three-phase transformer with a Y-Δ connection, what is the effect on the phase voltages?

There is an inherent phase shift of 90º between phases. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which configuration would typically allow third harmonics to circulate effectively?

Delta-Delta (Δ-Δ) connection (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which sequence network is considered to have no response during a balanced system under fault conditions?

Zero sequence network (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of three-phase transformers, what is the significance of the Thevenin equivalent circuit?

It simplifies analysis by replacing each sequence network with a single voltage and impedance. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What phase angle separation is typically observed between the line and phase voltage in a Star-Star (Y-Y) connection?

30º (D) Signup and view all the answers