Cantor's Diagonal Argument and Uncountability of Real Numbers

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What is the key technique that Cantor used to prove that the set of real numbers (ℝ) is uncountable?

Diagonalization (correct)

Enumeration

Bijection

Induction

What is the relationship between the set of real numbers (ℝ) and the set of natural numbers (ℕ) according to the text?

ℝ and ℕ have the same cardinality.

ℝ and ℕ are both uncountable sets.

ℝ is uncountable and ℕ is countable. (correct)

ℝ is countable and ℕ is uncountable.

Which of the following statements about transcendental numbers is correct?

Transcendental numbers are roots of non-zero polynomials with rational coefficients.

Examples of transcendental numbers include 2 and 3.

Transcendental numbers are always irrational.

Transcendental numbers are not roots of any non-zero polynomial with rational coefficients. (correct)

What is the relationship between the set of infinite binary strings {0,1}^∞ and the set of real numbers (ℝ) according to the text?

{0,1}^∞ and ℝ are both uncountable sets. Signup and view all the answers

What is the connection between the uncountability of the set of real numbers (ℝ) and Liouville's Theorem on transcendental numbers?

Proving the uncountability of ℝ would provide a new proof of Liouville's Theorem. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the set of natural numbers () and the set of perfect squares (S) according to the text?

is strictly larger than S Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the 'warm up' theorem proved in the text about the set of infinite binary strings {0,1}^∞?

To introduce the diagonalization technique used to prove the uncountability of {0,1}^∞. Signup and view all the answers

What technique does the text suggest can be used to show that the set of natural numbers and the set of perfect squares have the same cardinality?

Constructing a bijection Signup and view all the answers

What property of infinite sets is discussed in the text?

The non-applicability of the concepts of equal, greater, and less to infinite quantities Signup and view all the answers

What type of numbers are mentioned in the text that are not explicitly discussed?

Transcendental numbers Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Galileo's work mentioned in the text?

It discussed the relationship between the set of natural numbers and the set of perfect squares Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sets is known to have the same cardinality as the natural numbers, $\mathbb{N}$?

$\mathbb{N} \times \mathbb{N}$ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the cardinality of the rational numbers $\mathbb{Q}$ is correct?

$\mathbb{N}$ and $\mathbb{Q}$ have the same cardinality. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sets is known to be countable, according to the text?

${0, 1}^*$ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the cardinality of the real numbers $\mathbb{R}$ is true, according to the text?

The text does not provide any information about the cardinality of $\mathbb{R}$. Signup and view all the answers

What technique was used to prove the countability of the set ${0, 1}^*$, according to the text?

Listing the elements in a specific order Signup and view all the answers

What mathematical concept is discussed in the context of the rational numbers $\mathbb{Q}$ in the text?

Countability Signup and view all the answers

Cantor's Diagonal Argument and Uncountability of Real Numbers

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