Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
I-girders had low rigidity and aerodynamic stability was very ______ as shown in recent wind-resistant design.
inferior
Structures, ideally, experience no damage during Level I ______.
earthquakes
Their response to this level of seismic activity should remain within the ______ range, ensuring no permanent deformation.
elastic
Key structures needing quick repair after quakes can withstand damage but must limit deformation to be easily ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Advanced technologies like seismic isolation and active control are ______.
Signup and view all the answers
For shorter structures, isolation boosts flexibility and energy absorption, while active control with dampers targets longer ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Cantilever bridges are often supported with ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The world's longest cantilever span belongs to the Quebec Bridge in ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The Quebec Bridge in Canada was built in ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The Forth Bridge is located in ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Truss bridges are structures of connected elements forming ______ units.
Signup and view all the answers
Trusses are generally assumed as pinned connections between adjacent ______ members.
Signup and view all the answers
Box beam guardrails are made of rectangular steel beams supported by ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Cable railings are made of steel cables tensioned between ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Steel tube railings consist of steel tubes or pipes connected to vertical ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Box beam guardrails offer a higher level of containment and are often used on bridges with higher ______ volumes.
Signup and view all the answers
Cable railings provide a modern and aesthetically pleasing appearance and are commonly used on pedestrian bridges or bridges with architectural ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Steel tube railings are commonly used on bridges where aesthetics and ______ are important.
Signup and view all the answers
Service IV This load combination is only applicable for tensile stresses in prestressed concrete columns, with the intent to control ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Extreme Event Limit State Load Combinations The Extreme-Event limit states differ from the Strength limit states because the event for which the bridge and its components are designed has a greater return period than the 75-year design life of the bridge (or a much lower frequency of occurrence than the loads of the strength limit state load combinations).The following applies: Page Extreme Event II This load combination is applied to various types of collisions, as well as check floods and certain hydraulic events with a reduced live load other than that which is part of the vehicular collision load, CT.These collisions are typically from a vessel, vehicle or ice impacting the bridge’s ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Extreme Event I This load combination is applied to ______.The factor for live load (γEQ) shall be determined on a project-specific basis.Engr.Marjorie A.
Signup and view all the answers
The Extreme-Event limit states differ from the Strength limit states because the event for which the bridge and its components are designed has a greater return period than the 75-year design life of the bridge (or a much lower frequency of occurrence than the loads of the strength limit state load combinations).The following applies: Page Extreme Event II This load combination is applied to various types of collisions, as well as check floods and certain hydraulic events with a reduced live load other than that which is part of the vehicular collision load, CT.These collisions are typically from a vessel, vehicle or ice impacting the bridge’s ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The factor for live load (γEQ) shall be determined on a ______-specific basis.Engr.Marjorie A.
Signup and view all the answers
Service IV This load combination is only applicable for tensile stresses in ______ concrete columns, with the intent to control cracking.
Signup and view all the answers
In case of precast prestress concrete girders, the greatest among the four values in governing.MLL+IM = [MMO(1 + IM) + MLn] DFm VLL+I = [VMO (1 + IM) + VLn] DFv 1.AASHTO LRFD Tables The (DF) values can be determined from AASHTO LRFD Tables where equations are already adopted and multiple presence factor is included (m=1) but with local stipulations.Other cases, lever rule method is applicable where (m) value is required.Engr.Marjorie A.Manalo - Catapang, RCE, RMP, MPA, ME-1 Page The longitudinal stiffness parameter (______) shall be taken as” ______ = n (Ig + Ag * eg2) n = Eg / Ed 30 Ng: number of girders L: length of span (ft) S: spacing of girders (ft) hd: thickness of deck slab (in) ______: longitudinal stiffness parameter (in4) e : transforming factor de: distance from exterior girder center to the inside edge of curb or barrier (ft) BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY The National Engineering University COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Department of Civil Engineering CES 402 - PROFESSIONAL COURSE 2: BRIDGE ENGINEERING where: Eg : modulus of elasticity of girder material (ksi) Ed: modulus of elasticity of deck material (ksi) Ag : area of girder (in2) Ig : moment of inertia of the basic girder (in4) Eg: distance between the centers of gravity of the basic girder and deck (i Engr.Marjorie A.Manalo - Catapang, RCE, RMP, MPA, ME-1 Page 3.
Signup and view all the answers
The longitudinal stiffness parameter (___) shall be taken as” Kg = n (Ig + Ag * eg2) n = Eg / Ed 30 Ng: number of girders L: length of span (ft) S: spacing of girders (ft) hd: thickness of deck slab (in)
Signup and view all the answers
N = Eg / Ed 30 Ng: number of girders L: length of span (ft) S: spacing of girders (ft) hd: thickness of deck slab (in) ___: longitudinal stiffness parameter (in4)
Signup and view all the answers
Kg = n (Ig + Ag * eg2) n = Eg / Ed 30 Ng: number of girders L: length of span (ft) S: spacing of girders (ft) hd: thickness of deck slab (in) ___: transforming factor
Signup and view all the answers
Kg = n (Ig + Ag * eg2) n = Eg / Ed 30 Ng: number of girders L: length of span (ft) S: spacing of girders (ft) hd: thickness of deck slab (in) e : transforming factor de: distance from exterior girder center to the inside edge of curb or barrier (ft) ___: longitudinal stiffness parameter (in4)
Signup and view all the answers
Eg : modulus of elasticity of girder material (ksi) Ed: modulus of elasticity of deck material (ksi) Ag : area of girder (in2) Ig : moment of inertia of the basic girder (in4) Eg: distance between the centers of gravity of the basic girder and deck (i ______
Signup and view all the answers
