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Cancer Biology and Genetics
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Cancer Biology and Genetics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of p53 in DNA damaged cells?

  • Enhancing genomic instability
  • Inducing apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway (correct)
  • Inhibiting DNA repair genes
  • Inducing cell proliferation
  • Which of the following genes is associated with familial predisposition to the development of carcinomas of the colon?

  • BRCA-2
  • Mismatch repair genes (correct)
  • BRCA-1
  • TP53
  • What is the result of a loss of function mutation in TP53?

  • Increased genomic instability
  • Induction of apoptosis
  • Enhanced DNA repair
  • Failure to respond to chemotherapy and radiotherapy (correct)
  • Which of the following proteins is an example of an anti-apoptotic protein?

    <p>BCL2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DNA repair genes?

    <p>To protect the integrity of the genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a tumor suppressor gene?

    <p>BRCA-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the RAS oncogene?

    <p>Signal-transducing proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of RAS gene is commonly associated with melanoma and hematopoietic tumors?

    <p>NRAS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the MYC proto-oncogene?

    <p>Transcribing cell growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to produce tumors in the case of Retinoblastoma gene?

    <p>Two mutations involving both alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the p53 protein in stressed cells?

    <p>Causing temporary cell cycle arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of genes are TP53 and RB?

    <p>Tumor Suppressor Genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a proto-oncogene and an oncogene?

    <p>A proto-oncogene is a normal cellular gene, while an oncogene is a mutated version of a proto-oncogene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a hallmark of cancer?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of HER2/NEU gene in breast and ovarian cancers?

    <p>It activates the epidermal growth factor receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following genes are involved in regulating apoptosis?

    <p>Genes that regulate apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of signal transduction proteins in a cell?

    <p>They transmit signals from growth factors to the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cyclin-dependent kinases in the cell cycle?

    <p>They regulate cell cycle progression</p> Signup and view all the answers

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