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18 Questions

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Cancer Biology and Genetics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of p53 in DNA damaged cells?

Enhancing genomic instability

Inducing apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway (correct)

Inhibiting DNA repair genes

Inducing cell proliferation

Which of the following genes is associated with familial predisposition to the development of carcinomas of the colon?

BRCA-2

Mismatch repair genes (correct)

BRCA-1

TP53

What is the result of a loss of function mutation in TP53?

Increased genomic instability

Induction of apoptosis

Enhanced DNA repair

Failure to respond to chemotherapy and radiotherapy (correct)

Which of the following proteins is an example of an anti-apoptotic protein?

BCL2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of DNA repair genes?

To protect the integrity of the genome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a tumor suppressor gene?

BRCA-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the RAS oncogene?

Signal-transducing proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RAS gene is commonly associated with melanoma and hematopoietic tumors?

NRAS Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the MYC proto-oncogene?

Transcribing cell growth Signup and view all the answers

What is required to produce tumors in the case of Retinoblastoma gene?

Two mutations involving both alleles Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the p53 protein in stressed cells?

Causing temporary cell cycle arrest Signup and view all the answers

What type of genes are TP53 and RB?

Tumor Suppressor Genes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a proto-oncogene and an oncogene?

A proto-oncogene is a normal cellular gene, while an oncogene is a mutated version of a proto-oncogene Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a hallmark of cancer?

Apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of HER2/NEU gene in breast and ovarian cancers?

It activates the epidermal growth factor receptor Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following genes are involved in regulating apoptosis?

Genes that regulate apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of signal transduction proteins in a cell?

They transmit signals from growth factors to the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cyclin-dependent kinases in the cell cycle?

They regulate cell cycle progression Signup and view all the answers