Canadian History: WWI & WWII Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which event is most directly associated with a surge in public enthusiasm for a Canadian Prime Minister?

  • Trudeaumania (correct)
  • The 1972 Summit Series
  • The Avro Arrow cancellation
  • The FLQ Crisis

What significant event occurred in 1929, marking the beginning of a major economic downturn?

  • Baby Boom.
  • Black Tuesday. (correct)
  • Marshall Plan.
  • Cuban Missile Crisis.

Which of these events was a direct military standoff between the U.S. and the Soviet Union?

  • The Korean War
  • The Cuban Missile Crisis (correct)
  • The Warsaw Pact
  • The 1972 Summit Series

The cancellation of which project is most associated with a setback to Canadian technological advancement in the 1950s?

<p>The Avro Arrow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these events is best associated with a period of significant population increase?

<p>The Baby Boom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Canadian Prime Minister led the country during World War I?

<p>Robert Borden (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary warfare method employed during World War I?

<p>Trench warfare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event is considered the primary trigger of the Great Depression?

<p>The Stock Market Crash of 1929 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the relief camps established during the Great Depression?

<p>To offer employment for unemployed men (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary tactic used by the German military during World War II?

<p>Blitzkrieg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the Dieppe Raid?

<p>To test an attack on German defenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fear of communist expansion that occurred in the West?

<p>The Red Scare (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Canada's global role after the Second World War?

<p>Engaging in peacekeeping missions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What sparked WWI?

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist in 1914.

Describe the main warfare method of WWI.

A form of warfare where soldiers fought from trenches, resulting in a stalemate with heavy casualties.

What was Blitzkrieg?

A tactic used by Germany in WWII that involved rapid, surprise attacks with tanks and aircraft.

What was the Holocaust?

The deliberate and systematic murder of millions of Jews and other minorities by the Nazi regime during WWII.

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What was appeasement?

The deliberate policy of giving in to an aggressor's demands to avoid war, often used to describe Britain and France's approach to Hitler's demands.

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What was the Red Scare?

Fear of communism spreading in the West, particularly in the United States after WWII.

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How did WWII end?

The first use of atomic bombs in warfare, targeting Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan in 1945.

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What is the United Nations (UN)?

The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization that aims to maintain peace and security worldwide, formed after WWII.

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Trudeaumania

A period of intense public enthusiasm and admiration for Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau in the 1960s, characterized by his charisma and progressive policies.

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1972 Summit Series

A hockey series played between Canada and the Soviet Union in 1972, symbolizing the Cold War rivalry on the ice. It was a historic event that captivated both nations.

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Cuban Missile Crisis

A 13-day confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in October 1962, sparked by the discovery of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. It brought the world to the brink of nuclear war.

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Black Tuesday

The catastrophic crash of the stock market in 1929, marking the beginning of the Great Depression. It triggered widespread economic devastation.

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Baby Boom

A large increase in the birth rate following World War II, primarily in developed countries. It was a result of economic prosperity and returning soldiers.

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Study Notes

Canadian Prime Ministers (WWI & WWII)

  • WWI Prime Minister: Robert Borden
  • WWII Prime Minister: William Lyon Mackenzie King

Causes of WWI

  • Spark: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
  • Contributing factors: Arms race, nationalism, alliances, imperialism

Democracy vs. Communism

  • Democracy/Capitalism: Private ownership, free markets
  • Communism: Government control of economy, equality for all

WWI Warfare Method

  • Trench warfare

Gas Warfare Types

  • Mustard gas: Caused blisters
  • Chlorine gas: Damaged lungs

Famous Canadian Battle (WWI)

  • Battle of Vimy Ridge

Women's Roles in WWI

  • Nurses, factory workers, farmers, volunteers

Jewish Concentration Camps (Nazi Purpose)

  • Extermination of Jews (Holocaust)

Great Depression Trigger

  • Stock Market Crash (Black Tuesday, 1929)

Returning Soldiers (WWI)

  • Faced unemployment, PTSD, and lack of support

Winnipeg General Strike Concerns

  • Workers sought better wages and conditions; fear of revolution

Relief Camps Purpose

  • Provided jobs for unemployed men during the Great Depression

The Famous Five

  • Emily Murphy, Nellie McClung, Irene Parlby, Louise McKinney, Henrietta Muir Edwards

Bootlegger

  • Person who illegally sold alcohol during Prohibition

Blitzkrieg Tactic

  • "Lightning war" - fast, surprise attacks used by Germany

Appeasement Policy

  • Britain and France gave in to Hitler to avoid war

Atomic Bomb (First Use)

  • Dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 to end WWII

WWII End Date

  • Germany surrendered in May 1945; Japan surrendered in August 1945

Holocaust

  • Nazi genocide of Jews and minorities

The Red Scare

  • Fear of communism spreading in the West

Dieppe Raid Purpose

  • Test attack on German forces in France (failed but yielded important lessons)

Canada's Global Role (Post WWII)

  • Peacekeeping missions

The United Nations

  • Formed in 1945 to maintain global peace

Lester B. Pearson Prize

  • Awarded for resolving the Suez Crisis

Trudeaumania

  • Public enthusiasm for Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau in the 1960s

1972 Summit Series

  • Hockey series between Canada and the USSR during the Cold War

Cuban Missile Crisis

  • 1962 U.S.-Soviet nuclear standoff over missiles in Cuba

Black Tuesday

  • Stock Market crash of 1929

Avro Arrow

  • Advanced Canadian fighter jet project, canceled in 1959

Baby Boom

  • Post-WWII population surge

Marshall Plan

  • U.S. plan to rebuild Europe after WWII

Atomic Bomb (Japan)

  • Dropped in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1945

NATO

  • Military alliance of Western countries post-WWII

Warsaw Pact

  • Soviet response to NATO, Eastern bloc military alliance

Germany Divided

  • Split into East (Communist) and West (Democratic) Germany

Counter Culture (1960s)

  • Youth rebellion and social changes

FLQ Crisis

  • Quebec terrorist group kidnapped officials, 1970

Korean War

  • War between North (Communist) and South Korea (Democratic), 1950-1953

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