Canadian Government and Media Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following responsibilities is solely held by the federal government?

  • Charities
  • Health Care
  • Foreign Policy (correct)
  • Education

What is the main purpose of the legislative branch in Canada?

  • To represent regions in the Senate.
  • To oversee the Governor General.
  • To elect members of parliament.
  • To create and pass laws. (correct)

What is a primary source of revenue for modern news media?

  • Subscription Fees
  • Advertising (correct)
  • Sales of Merchandise
  • Sponsorships

Which aspect of media operations does NOT fall under Noam Chomsky's Propaganda Model?

<p>Public Opinion Monitoring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the House of Commons?

<p>It consists of elected representatives. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a responsibility shared by both federal and provincial governments?

<p>Environmental Issues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a majority government in the House of Commons?

<p>One party controls 50% or more of the seats. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the Senate in Canada appointed?

<p>Chosen by the Prime Minister and approved by the Governor General. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one role of the Parliamentary Press Gallery?

<p>To observe and report on government activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which power is typically categorized under provincial responsibilities?

<p>Natural Resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many ridings does Canada have for representation in the House of Commons?

<p>338 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a minority government?

<p>No party controls over 50% of the seats. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about freedom of the press is true?

<p>It has been considered vital for secure governance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does media ownership influence news reporting?

<p>It often leads to protection of corporate interests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Senate play regarding bills passed by the House of Commons?

<p>It can amend, approve, or reject bills. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What benefits a unicameral legislature compared to a bicameral system?

<p>Efficiency with shorter legislation processes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Legislative Branch in Canada?

<p>Makes the laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must occur for a change to be made to the Canadian Constitution?

<p>Approval from the federal government and at least 7 provinces is needed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the Governor General is true?

<p>The Governor General gives royal assent to laws. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant feature of Canada’s Constitution?

<p>It includes the charter of rights and freedoms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Canada’s government structure?

<p>A Limited Monarchy with branches of government. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Judicial Branch in Canada?

<p>To interpret laws and determine constitutionality. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Constitution play in Canada?

<p>It serves as the supreme authority defining government functions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important that the Constitution is difficult to change?

<p>To provide stability and protect citizens' rights. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary belief do members of the Left in Canada typically hold?

<p>Greater equality through wealth redistribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do lobbyists need to register with the Commissioner of Lobbyist?

<p>To ensure transparency about their identity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Right in Canada?

<p>Belief in individualism and low personal taxes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major difference between Canada’s and the United States' political party systems?

<p>Canada's multiparty system allows more parties to control government seats. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which requirement is stipulated by the Federal Accountability Act for lobbyists?

<p>They must register the MPs and officials they meet with (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do lobbyists play in government decisions?

<p>They represent diverse perspectives and expertise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic is typically more supportive of the Democrat Party in the United States?

<p>Young urban citizens and minorities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the Republican Party's platform in the United States?

<p>Lower taxes and less gun control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do political parties operate to influence government?

<p>They aim to control the government and pass supportive laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the political alignment of parties around the world?

<p>Their alignment with either the Right or Left side (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'ideology' refer to in the context of political parties?

<p>A system of beliefs about politics and economics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might lead to controversy surrounding lobbyists?

<p>Their hiring by private companies and influence in politics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which political stance is generally associated with the New Democratic Party (NDP)?

<p>Advocacy for government healthcare and social programs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a political party formed around a single issue?

<p>A party that advocates for environmental protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do political parties in Canada typically release after their caucus meetings?

<p>A manifesto outlining their goals and values (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common goal of political parties competing for votes?

<p>To pass laws that align with their political views (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary responsibility of citizens selected for jury duty?

<p>To appear on time and participate in the trial (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition can a citizen be excused from jury duty?

<p>If they demonstrate 'undue hardship' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the necessary decision-making process for jurors in a criminal trial?

<p>They must reach a unanimous agreement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario might a jury not be involved in a legal case in Canada?

<p>Civil cases with less than five years of possible prison time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the jurors cannot reach an agreement on a verdict?

<p>A new jury may be selected for a retrial (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the jury's role differ between criminal and civil cases?

<p>Juries in criminal cases require a unanimous verdict, while civil cases use a majority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of sequestering a jury during a trial?

<p>To ensure they do not discuss the case with outsiders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'balance of probabilities' refer to in civil cases?

<p>The jury assesses whether the plaintiff's claims are more likely true than false (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Canadian Constitution

A document outlining how the Canadian government functions, including laws, rights, and powers.

Branches of Government

Legislative, Executive, and Judicial; each has specific roles in Canada. Legislative makes laws, Executive enforces them, Judicial interprets them.

Checks and Balances

System in the Canadian government where each branch limits other branches' power, preventing abuse.

Limited Monarchy

Canada's system of government where the monarch (Queen) has limited power, with the Governor General acting on the monarch's behalf.

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Governor General

The representative of the monarch in Canada, who carries out the monarch's duties.

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Constitution (role)

Establishes the framework for government operation and citizen rights in a nation.

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Legislative Branch

The branch of government responsible for creating laws.

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Charter of Rights and Freedoms

A section of the Canadian Constitution outlining fundamental rights for citizens.

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Federal Powers

Responsibilities of the Canadian federal government, including national defense, foreign policy, and criminal law.

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Shared Powers

Responsibilities that both the federal and provincial governments share, like immigration, agriculture, and healthcare.

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Provincial Powers

Responsibilities of the Canadian provincial governments, including education, healthcare, and provincial courts.

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Residual Powers

Powers not specifically assigned to the federal or provincial governments in the Constitution, which are considered part of the federal government.

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Parliamentary Press Gallery

A designated area within Parliament where journalists gather to observe and report on government proceedings.

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Freedom of the Press

The right for news organizations to report information freely and without censorship.

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Propaganda Model

A theory explaining how media filters information to favor certain interests and suppress opposing viewpoints.

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Media Ownership

The control of media companies, which can influence the content and perspectives presented.

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Bicameral Legislature

A system with two legislative chambers, like the House of Commons and Senate in Canada, where both must approve laws.

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Unicameral Legislature

A system with only one legislative chamber, common in smaller countries, making law-making more efficient.

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House of Commons

Canada's elected legislative body where MPs representing ridings (districts) debate and pass laws.

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Senate

Canada's appointed legislative body, representing regions, revising and approving laws from the Commons.

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Majority Government

When one political party holds over 50% of the seats in the House of Commons, allowing them to easily pass their laws.

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Minority Government

When no political party controls over 50% of the seats, requiring cooperation between parties to pass laws.

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MP (Member of Parliament)

A person elected to represent a riding in the House of Commons, working to pass laws that benefit their constituents.

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Constituents

The people living in a riding who are represented by their elected MP in the House of Commons.

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Lobbyist

A person or group hired to influence government decisions on behalf of a specific interest, such as a company or industry.

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Lobbyist Registration

Lobbyists must officially register with the government to identify themselves and their clients, increasing transparency.

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Lobbyist's Role

To provide information and perspectives to government officials, influencing decision-making.

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Political Party

A group of voters with similar political views who work together to control the government and pass laws.

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Political Party Competition

Parties compete for votes and control of government by advocating their policies and values.

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Left and Right Political Views

Political parties are often categorized as left or right based on their general values, although this is not always a perfect fit.

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Single-Issue Parties

Political parties dedicated to a specific cause, like environmental protection, rather than a broad set of values.

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Controversy of Lobbyists

Since many lobbyists are hired by private companies, their influence on government decisions raises concerns about potential conflicts of interest.

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Left Ideology

Political views focusing on social equality, government intervention, and progressive change. They believe in redistributing wealth, providing social programs, and supporting progressive social values.

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Right Ideology

Political views emphasizing individual freedom, limited government, and traditional values. They favor lower taxes, less government intervention, and support traditional social norms.

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Political Party Platform

A detailed list of goals and values that a political party aims to achieve if elected. It outlines their stance on various issues and policies.

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Caucus

A meeting of all members of a political party where they discuss and decide on their policies and future actions.

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Multiparty System

A system of government where multiple political parties compete for power. It allows for a variety of viewpoints to be represented in government.

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Two-Party System

A system of government where two major political parties dominate, with limited influence from other parties.

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Democrat Party Platform

The Democrat Party in the US generally favors higher taxes on corporations, more gun control, and social programs like government healthcare.

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Republican Party Platform

The Republican Party in the US generally favors lower taxes, less gun control, and limited government involvement in social programs.

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Jury Duty

A civic duty that involves serving on a jury in a criminal trial to determine the guilt or innocence of an accused person.

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Who is eligible for jury duty?

Any Canadian citizen aged 18 years or older is eligible for jury duty.

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Jury Selection

A process where potential jurors are questioned by the judge, prosecutor, and defendant to determine their suitability for the case.

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Sequestration

The process of isolating jurors from outside contact during a trial to prevent bias or influence.

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Unanimous Verdict

A decision by all jurors in a criminal trial, where each juror agrees on the accused's guilt or innocence.

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Verdict in Criminal Cases

The jury decides if the prosecution has proven beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused is guilty. If they cannot agree, the judge may discharge the jury and order a new trial.

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Verdict in Civil Cases

The jury decides if the plaintiff has proven on a balance of probabilities that the defendant is liable (responsible) for the alleged harm.

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Balance of Probabilities

A standard of proof in civil cases where the jury must decide if the plaintiff's evidence is more likely to be true than not.

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Study Notes

Canadian Government

  • Key Words:
    • Bill: A proposed law presented to parliament.
    • Constitution: Basic principles and laws of a nation, defining government powers and citizen rights.
    • The Crown: The government (king/queen).
    • Governor General: Represents the monarch in Canada.
    • Royal Assent: Formal approval of a law by the monarch.
    • Legislative Branch: Makes laws.
    • Executive Branch: Enforces laws.
    • Judicial Branch: Interprets laws.
    • Popular Vote: Total support for a political party.
    • Checks and Balances: System where each branch limits the power of others.
    • Parliament: House of Commons and Senate.
    • House of Commons: Elected representatives (lower chamber).
    • Senate: Chosen representatives (upper chamber).
    • The Cabinet: Advises the Prime Minister.
    • Supreme Court: Highest court in Canada.
    • Unitary: System where national government has complete power.
    • Federalism: System where power is divided between levels of government.
    • Dual Federalism: Levels have separate responsibilities.
    • Corporative Federalism: Levels cooperate and work together.
    • Propaganda: Biased information promoting a cause.
    • Press/Media: News organizations and journalists.
    • Lobbyists: Individuals hired to influence government officials.
    • Ideology: System of beliefs about politics and economics.
    • Caucus: Meeting of party members to determine strategy.
    • Platform: Detailed list of a political party's goals.
    • Sentencing: Official punishment determined by the court.
    • Rehabilitate: Supporting positive behaviour change after incarceration.
    • Reintegrate: Helping someone return to society after isolation.
    • Individual Rights: Rights granted to each individual in a society.

Need for Government

  • To provide social order.
  • To enact and enforce laws.
  • To protect citizens' freedoms and safety.
  • To maintain infrastructure (roads, bridges).
  • To engage in interactions with other countries.

Constitution

  • A document outlining how government functions.
  • Details how laws are made and limits of government power.
  • Establishes fundamental freedoms and rights that cannot be taken away.
  • Identifies roles and responsibilities of positions in government.
  • Not a law itself but provides the framework.
  • Canadian Constitution contains a Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Canadian Constitution

  • Contains rights and freedoms (speech, religion).
  • Unwritten parts based on UK precedent.
    • This is established as unwritten rules that are based on assumptions.
  • Difficult to amend to ensure stability.
    • Amendments require federal government approval and support from at least 7 provinces representing over 50%.

The Crown (Canada)

  • Historically, Canada was a British colony.
  • The UK monarch is the source of Canadian sovereignty.
  • The Governor General is the representative of the sovereign (monarch) in Canada.
    • Queen of England appoints the Governor General for Canada who signs legislation.
    • Governor General is the figurehead, with no real power.

Branches of Government

  • Legislative: Creates laws.
  • Executive: Enforces laws.
  • Judicial: Interprets laws.

Checks and Balances

  • These prevent any one branch from becoming overly powerful.
  • Each branch has limits on the power of the other branches.

Legislative Branch

  • Composed of two houses (bicameral):
    • House of Commons: Elected representatives.
    • Senate: Chosen representatives.
  • Laws require approval by both chambers (over 50% in each).
  • Parliament is the collective name for both houses.

House of Commons

  • Canadian ridings have representatives (MPs).
  • Each riding elects an MP to represent them.

Parties

  • Majority government: One party holds over 50% of seats.
  • Minority government: No party holds over 50% of seats, so cooperation is needed.

Senate

  • Members are appointed by the Prime Minister.
  • Senators serve for life, retiring at age 75.
  • Representation is based on regions rather than population.
    • The Senate safeguards minority groups.
  • Different systems for calculating votes.
  • The "first-past-the-post" system means the winner in each riding gets the seat.

Executive Branch

  • Enforces laws passed by the legislative branch.
  • Overseen by the Prime Minister.
    • Cabinet members report to the Prime Minister and are appointed from the same political party.
  • The Prime Minister is chosen by the House of Commons.

Judicial Branch

  • Interprets laws, ensuring they align with the constitution.
  • Highest court is the Supreme Court.
  • Selected justices, ensure fair decisions.

Federalism, Press, and Lobbyists

  • Federalism: Divides authority between national, provincial, and local governments.
  • Dual Federalism: Separated responsibilities.
  • Corporative Federalism: Levels work together.
  • Press: News organizations provide information.
  • Lobbyists: Represent special interests, influence officials,
  • and need to register.

Media

  • Ownership: Media companies aim for profit and may favour policies benefiting them.
  • Advertising: Media frequently rely on revenue from advertisements, influencing what is reported.
  • Elite Media: Resources give access to news gathering/contacts.
  • Flak: Critics are used to police and influence media content.
  • Common Enemy Filters: Media create a common enemy to rally people's attention.

Political Parties

  • Groups sharing political views.
  • Seek to control government and pass laws.
  • Left-leaning parties often favor greater equality and social programs.
  • Right-leaning parties tend to favour limited government intervention.

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

  • Part of the Constitution.
  • Protects fundamental freedoms and rights of all Canadians.

Jury Duty

  • Purpose: Determine guilt or innocence in trials.
  • Canadians must respond to summons for jury duty.

Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)

  • Special rules for youth offenders (aged 12–17).
  • Helps avoid criminal records and promote rehabilitation and reintegration.

Advocacy Groups

  • Organizations dedicated to supporting individuals accused of crimes.
  • Providing a check on government power by reducing bias in justice.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the structure and responsibilities of the Canadian government, including the House of Commons and Senate. This quiz also explores the relationship between media operations and government influence, as well as the role of media in a democratic society.

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