Canada Culture and Geography - Week 4

Canada - Week 4

• Canada was founded in 1867
• It is the second largest country by landmass
• It has 6 time zones
• France has the most time zones of any country in the world with 12
• The US and its territories have 11 time zones
• Russia has 11 time zones
• Antarctica has 24 time zones
• UK has 9 time zones
• Australia has 8 time zones

Culture

• Values: Beliefs, principles, significant aspects of lifestyle
• Customs: Holidays, clothing, greetings, rituals, activities
• Marriage and Family: Type of marriage (arranged, free, same-sex), family size, patriarchal/matriarchal structure
• Government and Law: Type of government, leaders, system of governance
• Games and Leisure: Sports, games, TV, music, free time activities
• Economy and Trade: Trading partners, imports, exports, workforce, main industries
• Language: Language spoken in the area, regional dialects
• Religion: Religious symbols, practices, places of worship, holy items

History

• Indigenous Communities: Important aspects of indigenous communities and their cultures in Canada
• Colonialism: Exploration, colonization, residential schools, and their impact on Indigenous people
• Indigenous claims to land: Legal, historical, and cultural arguments for the claims to the land
• Indigenous people in Canada: Importance of understanding indigenous history, land claims, taking into account the full history of Canada.

Who Owns the North Pole?

• Countries with land bordering the Arctic Ocean: Denmark, Norway, Canada, Russia, USA
• Exclusive economic rights in the continental shelf: each nation’s rights extend to the ocean up to 200 miles beyond its coast.

Mountains, Prairie, Coastal Regions

• Canada is divided into distinct geographic regions, including the West Coast, Prairie Provinces, and the Atlantic region

Indigenous Nations

• Canada has a variety of Indigenous groups or nations

Key Terms Regarding Indigenous People in Canada

• Residential School: A type of school for Indigenous children
• 60s Scoop: The removal of Indigenous children from their homes
• Metis: Mixed Indigenous and European ancestry people
• 7 years War: Conflict involving Indigenous people and European settlers
• Smallpox: A deadly disease that affected Indigenous people
• Royal Proclamation of 1763: Early legislation related to Indigenous peoples
• John A Macdonald: Important figure in Canadian history
• Dominion of Canada: Formation of Canada as a nation
• The Indian Act: Legislation impacting Indigenous people

Native American Foods

• Indigenous people developed many foods and varieties of food
• Food sources were adapted to the climate, creating varieties of corn, beans, and squashes

Colonialism in Canada

• Historical context of colonialism and its impact on Indigenous food systems
• Impact and damage of colonialism on indigenous food systems

Canada's Timeline

• Key dates for different parts of Canada joining Canada

Canadian Inventions

• Notable inventions created in Canada (e.g., Blackberry, Insulin, Penicillin, Basketball).

Religion in Canada

• Christianity is the largest religion in Canada
• Islam is a significant religion followed in Canada
• Holidays: Notable holidays in Canada (e.g., Christmas, Easter, Thanksgiving)
• Stores closed on Sundays in Ontario (Legislation from 1992)

Religious Affiliation

• Percentage of religious affiliations in Canada.

Melting Pot vs Salad Bowl

• Canada is a mosaic as opposed to a melting pot
• Proudly heterogenous
• Diversity in Canada is a strength

Sports

• Hockey and Lacrosse are significant sports in Canada

Regional Cuisine

• Various Canadian regional dishes like West Coast Salmon, Prairies wheat, and Wild rice, beef, berries and Ukrainian influence, Ontario pork, fruits, vegetables, wine, cheese, maple syrup, and corn

Specialties

• Examples of specific Canadian dishes, like butter tarts, peameal bacon.

Beverages

• Canadian whiskey, ice wine, micro-breweries.

Snack foods and treats

• Popular Canadian snack foods or treats (e.g., ketchup chips, coffee crisp, Smarties, hickory sticks).

Attractions

• Popular tourist destinations in Canada (e.g., Niagara Falls, Rocky Mountains, Cape Auguet, Nova Scotia Coastline, Algonquin Park, Red Sand Beach, PEI, Moraine Lake).