Cambridge O Level Physics: Electric Circuits

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Questions and Answers

What is true about the current in a series circuit?

  • The current at every point is the same. (correct)
  • The current at every point is half of the total current.
  • The current at every point is three times the total current.
  • The total current is equal to half the current at every point.

What is the total p.d. across the components in a series circuit equal to?

  • The difference of the individual p.d.s across each component.
  • Twice the sum of the individual p.d.s across each component.
  • The sum of the individual p.d.s across each component. (correct)
  • Half the sum of the individual p.d.s across each component.

What is true about the currents at a junction in a parallel circuit?

  • The sum of the currents entering a junction is greater than the sum of the currents leaving the junction.
  • The sum of the currents entering a junction is less than the sum of the currents leaving the junction.
  • The currents entering a junction are inversely proportional to the currents leaving the junction.
  • The sum of the currents entering a junction is equal to the sum of the currents leaving the junction. (correct)

What is the equation to calculate the combined resistance of two resistors in parallel?

<p>1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a light-dependent resistor?

<p>It decreases resistance in bright light. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for two resistors used as a potential divider?

<p>V1/V2 = R1/R2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an NTC thermistor?

<p>A resistor that decreases in resistance with temperature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a variable potential divider?

<p>It divides a voltage source into two or more parts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a series circuit?

<p>The total p.d. across the components is equal to the sum of the individual p.d.s across each component. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an NTC thermistor in a circuit?

<p>To act as an input sensor to detect changes in temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the current and voltage in a circuit with a variable potential divider?

<p>The voltage is dependent on the ratio of the resistances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the total resistance of a circuit when two resistors are connected in series?

<p>The total resistance increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a light-dependent resistor in a circuit?

<p>To act as an input sensor to detect changes in light intensity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation to calculate the combined resistance of two or more resistors in series?

<p>R_total = R1 + R2 + ... + Rn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a parallel circuit in a device?

<p>To provide multiple paths for the current to flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the voltage across each component in a parallel circuit?

<p>The voltage across each component is the same as the voltage of the main circuit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Electric Circuits

  • In a series circuit, the current is the same at every point.
  • In a parallel circuit, the sum of currents entering a junction is equal to the sum of currents leaving the junction.
  • In a series circuit, the total p.d. across the components is equal to the sum of individual p.d.s across each component.
  • In a parallel circuit, the p.d. across an arrangement of parallel resistances is the same as the p.d. across one branch.

Calculations in Electric Circuits

  • The combined resistance of two or more resistors in series can be calculated.
  • The combined resistance of two resistors in parallel can be calculated.
  • Current, voltage, and resistance can be calculated in parts of a circuit or in the whole circuit.

Circuit Components

  • NTC thermistors have a negative temperature coefficient, meaning their resistance decreases with increasing temperature.
  • Light-dependent resistors change their resistance in response to changes in light intensity.
  • NTC thermistors and light-dependent resistors are used as input sensors.
  • A variable potential divider is a circuit component that produces a variable output voltage.
  • The equation for two resistors used as a potential divider is: V1 / V2 = R1 / R2.

Electric Circuits

  • In a series circuit, the current is the same at every point.
  • In a parallel circuit, the sum of currents entering a junction is equal to the sum of currents leaving the junction.
  • In a series circuit, the total p.d. across the components is equal to the sum of individual p.d.s across each component.
  • In a parallel circuit, the p.d. across an arrangement of parallel resistances is the same as the p.d. across one branch.

Calculations in Electric Circuits

  • The combined resistance of two or more resistors in series can be calculated.
  • The combined resistance of two resistors in parallel can be calculated.
  • Current, voltage, and resistance can be calculated in parts of a circuit or in the whole circuit.

Circuit Components

  • NTC thermistors have a negative temperature coefficient, meaning their resistance decreases with increasing temperature.
  • Light-dependent resistors change their resistance in response to changes in light intensity.
  • NTC thermistors and light-dependent resistors are used as input sensors.
  • A variable potential divider is a circuit component that produces a variable output voltage.
  • The equation for two resistors used as a potential divider is: V1 / V2 = R1 / R2.

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