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Questions and Answers
Which state of matter has the highest kinetic energy?
Which state of matter has the highest kinetic energy?
- Solid
- Plasma
- Liquid
- Gas (correct)
In a liquid state, particles are arranged far apart.
In a liquid state, particles are arranged far apart.
False (B)
What is the process called when a solid turns directly into a gas?
What is the process called when a solid turns directly into a gas?
Sublimation
Heat is __________ to break the bonds when a solid melts.
Heat is __________ to break the bonds when a solid melts.
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Match the following processes with their corresponding phase changes:
Match the following processes with their corresponding phase changes:
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What happens to heat during the process of condensation?
What happens to heat during the process of condensation?
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Study Notes
States of Matter
- Solid: Particles are tightly packed in a fixed arrangement, vibrating slightly without moving from their positions, exhibiting very low kinetic energy.
- Liquid: Particles are close together but have enough energy to slide past one another, leading to low kinetic energy.
- Gas: Particles are far apart and move randomly in all directions, possessing high kinetic energy.
Phase Changes
- Melting: The transition from solid to liquid occurs when heat is absorbed, breaking intermolecular bonds.
- Evaporation/Boiling: The change from liquid to gas also requires heat absorption to overcome intermolecular forces.
- Condensation: The process of gas transitioning into liquid involves releasing heat, allowing bonds to form.
- Freezing: The conversion of liquid into solid involves heat release as particles arrange themselves into a fixed structure.
Sublimation
- Sublimation (Solid to Gas): Some solids can directly transition to gas without becoming liquid.
- Sublimation (Gas to Solid): Gases can directly form solid without passing through the liquid phase, highlighting the reversibility of sublimation.
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