18 Questions
What is the key enzyme involved in carbon fixation?
Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO)
In what type of environments are methanogens commonly found?
Anaerobic environments
What is the process of reducing N2 into NH3 known as?
Diazotrophy
Which pathway is not used by methanogens for methane production?
Embden-Meyerhof pathway
What percentage of naturally occurring nitrogen fixation happens abiotically?
~5-8%
Where do methanogens carry out methanogenesis most efficiently?
Oxygen-deprived conditions
What is the primary role of nitrifying bacteria in ecosystems?
Converting ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate
Which electron donor is used by sulfate-reducing bacteria in their metabolic processes?
Sulfur compounds
In which type of environment are sulfate-oxidizing bacteria commonly found?
Oxygen-rich environments
What is the main contribution of chemotrophy to ecosystems?
Energy production without producing oxygen
Which chemical compound serves as an electron donor for nitrifying bacteria during the nitrification process?
Ammonia
Where are chemotrophic organisms commonly found due to their adaptation to specific electron donors?
Environments where organic carbon sources are limited
What is the role of RuBisCO in the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle?
Catalyzing the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
In the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, what is the significance of carbon fixation?
Conversion of carbon dioxide into organic compounds
Why do some organisms have CO2 Concentrating Mechanisms (CCMs)?
To enhance the efficiency of carbon fixation by concentrating CO2 around RuBisCO
Which component is involved in CO2 Concentrating Mechanisms (CCMs) to facilitate the accumulation and delivery of CO2 to RuBisCO?
Carbonic anhydrase enzymes
What is the ultimate product generated by the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)
Why have organisms with Carbon Concentrating Mechanisms (CCMs) evolved these mechanisms?
To thrive in environments with low CO2 availability or optimize photosynthetic efficiency
Learn about the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle, a series of biochemical reactions in plants and bacteria converting carbon dioxide into organic compounds. Delve into the key enzyme RuBisCO and the three main stages of the CBB cycle.
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