Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) Cycle

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Questions and Answers

What is the key enzyme involved in carbon fixation?

  • Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) (correct)
  • ATP synthase
  • DNA polymerase
  • RNA polymerase

In what type of environments are methanogens commonly found?

  • Marine environments
  • Anaerobic environments (correct)
  • Forest ecosystems
  • Aerobic environments

What is the process of reducing N2 into NH3 known as?

  • Photosynthesis
  • Cellular respiration
  • Methanogenesis
  • Diazotrophy (correct)

Which pathway is not used by methanogens for methane production?

<p>Embden-Meyerhof pathway (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of naturally occurring nitrogen fixation happens abiotically?

<p>~5-8% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do methanogens carry out methanogenesis most efficiently?

<p>Oxygen-deprived conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of nitrifying bacteria in ecosystems?

<p>Converting ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electron donor is used by sulfate-reducing bacteria in their metabolic processes?

<p>Sulfur compounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of environment are sulfate-oxidizing bacteria commonly found?

<p>Oxygen-rich environments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main contribution of chemotrophy to ecosystems?

<p>Energy production without producing oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical compound serves as an electron donor for nitrifying bacteria during the nitrification process?

<p>Ammonia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are chemotrophic organisms commonly found due to their adaptation to specific electron donors?

<p>Environments where organic carbon sources are limited (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of RuBisCO in the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle?

<p>Catalyzing the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, what is the significance of carbon fixation?

<p>Conversion of carbon dioxide into organic compounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do some organisms have CO2 Concentrating Mechanisms (CCMs)?

<p>To enhance the efficiency of carbon fixation by concentrating CO2 around RuBisCO (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is involved in CO2 Concentrating Mechanisms (CCMs) to facilitate the accumulation and delivery of CO2 to RuBisCO?

<p>Carbonic anhydrase enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate product generated by the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle?

<p>Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why have organisms with Carbon Concentrating Mechanisms (CCMs) evolved these mechanisms?

<p>To thrive in environments with low CO2 availability or optimize photosynthetic efficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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