12 Questions
What is the term for any disconnected style of writing in which each letter is written separately?
Handletering
Which term represents the movement of the baseline of handwriting, which can slant up, down, or be straight across the page?
Line Direction
What does Graphoanalysis primarily focus on in the study of handwriting?
Curve and Straight Strokes
Which term refers to the overall character of ink lines in handwriting, related to factors like skill, speed, rhythm, and pen position?
Line Quality
What is the term for the amount of space left between lines in handwriting?
Line Space
In handwriting analysis, what does 'Natural Variation' refer to?
Normal deviations between repeated specimens
What does 'collation' refer to in the context of document examination?
Performing a side-by-side comparison of writing samples
In document examination, what is 'disguised writing'?
Writing altered intentionally to conceal the writer's identity
What distinguishes 'angular forms' in handwriting?
Sharp, straight strokes with directional changes
What is meant by 'alignment' when referring to writing?
The relative alignment of letters in a word
Which term describes 'the writer's chosen writing style'?
Form
What does 'comparison' involve in the context of document examination?
Setting two or more items side by side to weigh their properties
Study Notes
Handwriting Analysis Terminology
- GESTALT: A German word meaning "complete" or "whole", also a school of handwriting analysis that examines handwriting as a whole picture.
Graphology and Graphometrics
- GRAPHOANALYSIS: The study of handwriting based on two fundamental strokes: curves and straight strokes.
- GRAPHOMETRY: Analysis by comparison and measurement.
Handwriting Characteristics
- GRAPHOLOGY: The art of determining character disposition and amplitude from handwriting, also the scientific study of handwriting for forgeries and questioned documents.
- HANDLETTERING: A disconnected style of writing where each letter is written separately, also called hand printing.
- LETTER SPACE: The amount of space left between letters.
- LINE DIRECTION: The movement of the baseline, which can slant up, down, or straight across the page.
- LINE QUALITY: The overall character of the ink lines, influenced by writing skill, speed, rhythm, freedom of movement, shading, and pen position.
- LINE SPACE: The amount of space left between lines.
Writing Styles and Techniques
- MANUSCRIPT WRITING: A disconnected form of script or semi-script writing, taught to young children in elementary schools.
- MARGINS: The amount of space left around the writing on all four sides.
Examination and Analysis
- MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION: Any study or examination made with a microscope to discover minute details.
- MOVEMENT: An important element in handwriting, encompassing factors related to the motion of the writing instrument, including skill, speed, freedom, hesitation, and rhythm.
- NATURAL WRITING: Any specimen of writing executed normally without attempting to control or alter its identifying habits and usual quality or execution.
- NATURAL VARIATION: Normal or usual deviations found between repeated specimens of any individual's handwriting.
Handwriting Features
- ALIGNMENT: The relation of parts of the whole of writing or line of individual letters in words to the baseline.
- ANGULAR FORMS: Sharp, straight strokes made by stopping the pen and changing direction before continuing.
- ARCADE FORMS: Forms that look like arches, rounded on the top and open at the bottom.
- CHARACTERISTICS: Any property or mark that distinguishes and identifies handwriting.
- COLLATION: Side-by-side comparison, emphasizing critical elements, tremors, and the like.
- COMPARISON: The act of setting two or more items side by side to weigh their identifying qualities.
Disguised and Altered Writing
- DISGUISED WRITING: A writer may deliberately try to alter their usual writing habits to hide their identity.
- DOWNSTROKE: The movement of the pen toward the writer.
- FORM: The writer's chosen writing style, whether it is copybook, elaborated, simplified, or printed.
- GARLAND FORMS: A cup-like connected form that is open at the top and rounded on the bottom.
Test your knowledge on calligraphy elements such as alignment, angular forms, and arcade forms. Learn about the characteristics that distinguish different writing styles in this quiz.
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