Calcitonin-Salmon Flashcards

Calcitonin-Salmon Overview

• Trade name: Miacalcin, used for various medical conditions.

Classification

• Belongs to hypocalcemics and hormones which regulate calcium levels in the body.

Routes of Administration

• Administered intranasally, intramuscularly (IM), or subcutaneously (SQ) based on patient needs.

Mechanism of Action

• Inhibits osteoclast activity, reducing bone resorption.
• Decreases tubular resorption of calcium, leading to increased calcium excretion.

Indications

• Effective in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis.
• Used in Paget's disease of bone and in cases of hypercalcemia.

Contraindications

• Not suitable for individuals with hypersensitivity to calcitonin, salmon, or gelatin.
• Use during pregnancy or lactation is not recommended.

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Complete with IM/SQ administration; rapid absorption with intranasal route.
• Distribution: Not well understood.
• Metabolism: Rapidly metabolized in kidneys, blood, and tissues.

Half-Life

• T1/2 ranges from 40 to 90 minutes, impacting dosing frequency.

Adverse Effects

• Risk of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.
• Intranasal use may lead to nasal dryness or irritation; potential association with nasal malignancy.
• 10% incidence of nausea with IM/SQ use; possible inflammatory reactions at the injection site.
• Therapeutic effects may diminish after one year of use.

Patient Teaching

• Monitor for signs of fever, hives, and anaphylaxis post-administration.
• Check nasal passages for ulcerations during intranasal use and discontinue if necessary.
• Educate patients on the risk of nasal malignancy associated with prolonged use.
• Nausea may decrease with continued therapy; ensure patients are aware.
• Advise regular monitoring of serum calcium levels, aiming for normalization within months.