CADD: Flowchart History - COME 1051
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Questions and Answers

Who introduced the concept of the Flow Process Chart to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1921?

  • Allan H. Mogensen
  • Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (correct)
  • Douglas Hartree
  • Ben S. Graham

    • What is the primary use of flowcharts in various fields?

  • To present mathematical calculations
  • To create intricate graphic designs
  • To understand, analyze, and optimize processes (correct)
  • To replace written documentation

    • Which symbol is most commonly used in flowcharts to represent a process, operation, or task?

  • Rectangle (correct)
  • Circle
  • Oval
  • Diamond

    • What significant event occurred in 1947 related to flowcharts?

    <p>ASME adopted a symbol set derived from Gilbreth’s work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual is noted for applying the Flow Process Chart to information processing?

    <p>Ben S. Graham</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which decade did the popularity of flowcharts decrease significantly?

    <p>1970s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using flowchart symbols?

    <p>To denote different components and actions within a process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who trained business people in industrial engineering tools at Simplification Conferences?

    <p>Allan H. Mogensen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the diamond shape represent in a flowchart?

    <p>Decision or Condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape is used to denote the start or end of a flowchart?

    <p>Terminator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following shapes is used to represent a process, action step, or operation in a flowchart?

    <p>Rectangle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which shape is used for representing input and output in a flowchart?

    <p>Parallelogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the arrows that come out of a decision shape in a flowchart?

    <p>One corresponds to Yes or True and the other to No or False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which shape is used to represent stored data in a flowchart?

    <p>Cylinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What word or words should ideally be included inside a terminator shape for clarity?

    <p>Start, Begin, End</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the direct data object in a process flow represent?

    <p>Data that can be accessed directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for a shape in flowcharting that represents memory storage in programming?

    <p>Subroutine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which flowcharting tool is known for its collaborative features and simplicity in design?

    <p>Lucid Chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What step in drawing a flowchart involves selecting the symbols and shapes to be used?

    <p>Choose the appropriate symbols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended design tip for creating an effective flowchart?

    <p>Maintain simple and clear data representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the shape referred to as 'Predefined Process' signify in flowcharting?

    <p>A subroutine that can be reused</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when designing a flowchart to ensure clarity?

    <p>Overusing various shapes and forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the steps to draw a flowchart, what is the initial action to take?

    <p>Determine purpose and scope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common practice in visually presenting data in a flowchart?

    <p>Flowing data from left to right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important guideline for flowchart design when presenting to investors?

    <p>Ensure the lines are clean and not intertwined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a common mistake in flowchart creation?

    <p>Excessive color schemes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do to ensure clarity of results in your flowchart?

    <p>Show it to colleagues for feedback.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How important is consistency in symbol sizes when creating a flowchart?

    <p>Very important for understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to not leave room for uncertainty in a flowchart?

    <p>To ensure every step is clearly defined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes can effectively utilize a flowchart?

    <p>Credit Card Transaction Process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should flowchart designers beware of when structuring their charts?

    <p>Avoiding loops that can confuse the viewer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which unit is the prefix 'Giga' represented in scientific terms?

    <p>10^9.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of switch is represented by the symbol for a 'Relay Switch'?

    <p>Normally Open.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of component symbol represents an electrolytic capacitor?

    <p>Polarized Capacitor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symbol represents a 'P-Channel JFET' transistor?

    <p>A straight line with an arrow upwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of flowchart design, what is a primary reason to use a flowchart key?

    <p>To explain the symbols used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of symbol is used to represent a 'DIP' in electrical schematics?

    <p>Circle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should branch directions be used in a flowchart?

    <p>Branches should have consistent directions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    History of Flowcharts

    • The concept of the "Flow Process Chart" was introduced by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth in 1921 to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
    • Allan H. Mogensen trained business professionals on industrial engineering tools during his conferences.
    • Art Spinanger implemented tools from Mogensen at Procter and Gamble, developing their methods change program.
    • Ben S. Graham created the Multi-Flow Process Chart in 1947, applying it to information processing.
    • In 1947, ASME adopted symbols derived from Gilbreth's work as the "ASME Standard: Operation and Flow Process Charts."
    • Douglas Hartree noted flowchart development by Herman Goldstine and John Von Neumann, specific to programming.
    • Flowcharts served as a popular tool for describing computer algorithms, though their use decreased significantly in the 1970s.

    Flowchart Definition and Purpose

    • Flowcharts visually represent processes, highlighting steps, decision points, and paths.
    • Their purpose is to aid in understanding, analyzing, and optimizing processes across various fields like software development, engineering, and business.
    • A well-structured flowchart is essential for clear communication and logical step progression.

    Flowchart Symbols

    • Terminal (Start/End): Indicates the beginning or conclusion of a process.
    • Process (Rectangle): Represents an action step or operation, usually including a verb (e.g., 'Edit Video').
    • Data (I/O - Parallelogram): Shows inputs and outputs of a process.
    • Decision (Diamond): Used to pose a question, with Yes/True or No/False outcomes determining process flow.
    • Document: Represents a report or document within the flow.
    • Stored Data: Denotes general data storage objects.
    • Direct Data: Represents readily accessible information stored directly.
    • Internal Storage: Illustrates information held in memory rather than on a file.
    • Subroutine: Used for repetitive processes or predefined tasks, allowing for efficient coding.

    Flowchart Tools

    • Popular software includes Smart Draw, Microsoft Visio, Gliffy, EdrawMax, and others, allowing users to create and customize flowcharts.

    Steps to Draw a Flowchart

    • Determine the flowchart's purpose and scope.
    • Identify the steps and their sequence clearly.
    • Choose appropriate symbols that convey meaning effectively.
    • Draw the flowchart following logical progressions.
    • Test and refine the flowchart for clarity and accuracy.

    Tips for Designing a Flowchart

    • Maintain consistent design elements for better readability.
    • Ensure clarity and simplicity in data presentation.
    • Organize data flow from left to right, using color coding wisely to enhance understanding.
    • Use straightforward paths and avoid excessive complexity to keep audience engagement.

    Common Mistakes in Flowcharts

    • Inconsistent use of symbols and flow directions.
    • Overly complicated color schemes and symbols.
    • Lack of clear descriptions and labeling leading to misinterpretation.
    • Unclear alternate paths and excessive detail, creating confusion.

    Effective Applications of Flowcharts

    • Banking Teller flowcharts optimize service processes.
    • Recruitment Process flowcharts streamline hiring procedures.
    • Credit Card Transaction and University Admission Process flowcharts enhance operational efficiency.
    • Video Uploading and Purchase Order Process flowcharts improve usability and tracking.

    Unit Symbols

    • Recognize decimal prefixes like Yotta (10^24), Zetta (10^21), down to Yocto (10^-24) used across scientific and engineering contexts.

    Circuit and Electronic Component Symbols

    • Electrical diagrams utilize specific symbols for wires, switches, sources, diodes, transistors, and more.
    • Common components include capacitors, inductors, and amplifiers, each with distinct representations for clarity in electrical schematics.

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    Quiz Team

    Description

    Explore the history of flowcharts and their significance in computer-aided drafting design. This quiz covers the contributions of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth and Allan H. Mogensen in the field of industrial engineering. Test your knowledge on key concepts introduced in the early 20th century.

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