Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of Product Data Management Standards?
What is the primary purpose of Product Data Management Standards?
- To define the formats for technical documentation
- To create maintenance procedures for defense systems
- To establish training programs for personnel
- To manage digital information related to defense systems (correct)
Which of the following is NOT included in Technical Publications Standards?
Which of the following is NOT included in Technical Publications Standards?
- Standards for support documentation
- Protocols for maintenance procedures
- Processes for personnel training (correct)
- Formats for digital technical manuals
How do Training and Human Performance Standards support defense systems?
How do Training and Human Performance Standards support defense systems?
- By defining processes for personnel training and assessments (correct)
- By establishing protocols for technical publications
- By improving version control mechanisms
- By enhancing data storage capabilities
What is one of the main goals of the CALS standards?
What is one of the main goals of the CALS standards?
Which statement about CALS standards is true?
Which statement about CALS standards is true?
What function does the CELL ARRAY perform?
What function does the CELL ARRAY perform?
Which of the following is NOT a data exchange standard mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a data exchange standard mentioned?
What type of data can IGES files contain?
What type of data can IGES files contain?
How does IGES organize data within a CAD model?
How does IGES organize data within a CAD model?
What is the primary purpose of CAD standards?
What is the primary purpose of CAD standards?
What is the primary purpose of using data exchange standards like STEP and IGES?
What is the primary purpose of using data exchange standards like STEP and IGES?
Which standard is primarily used for exchanging model data among CAD systems?
Which standard is primarily used for exchanging model data among CAD systems?
Which feature does IGES support to organize related entities?
Which feature does IGES support to organize related entities?
Which of the following best describes the IGES file format?
Which of the following best describes the IGES file format?
What role does the Graphics Kernel System (GKS) serve within graphics programming?
What role does the Graphics Kernel System (GKS) serve within graphics programming?
Which organization is NOT involved in developing graphics standards?
Which organization is NOT involved in developing graphics standards?
What type of data does the assembly data in an IGES file include?
What type of data does the assembly data in an IGES file include?
Which of the following standards is a US Department of Defense initiative?
Which of the following standards is a US Department of Defense initiative?
What is the primary purpose of the STEP standard?
What is the primary purpose of the STEP standard?
What does the PHIGS standard primarily address?
What does the PHIGS standard primarily address?
How does the kernel system function in a graphics system?
How does the kernel system function in a graphics system?
Which feature is NOT associated with the POLYLINE function in GKS?
Which feature is NOT associated with the POLYLINE function in GKS?
What is controlled by the 'Marker size scale factor' in the POLYMARKER function?
What is controlled by the 'Marker size scale factor' in the POLYMARKER function?
Which of the following is a feature associated with the FILLAREA function?
Which of the following is a feature associated with the FILLAREA function?
In the context of the TEXT function in GKS, which of these features is used to change the orientation of the text?
In the context of the TEXT function in GKS, which of these features is used to change the orientation of the text?
Which command in GKS is used for drawing line segments connecting coordinate points?
Which command in GKS is used for drawing line segments connecting coordinate points?
What does the CELL ARRAY function display in GKS?
What does the CELL ARRAY function display in GKS?
Which of the following options relates to both POLYMARKER and TEXT features?
Which of the following options relates to both POLYMARKER and TEXT features?
Which style is NOT a part of the FILL AREA characteristics?
Which style is NOT a part of the FILL AREA characteristics?
Which of the following best describes EXPRESS within the context of STEP?
Which of the following best describes EXPRESS within the context of STEP?
What are Application Protocols (APs) used for in the STEP framework?
What are Application Protocols (APs) used for in the STEP framework?
What are Integrated Resources in the context of STEP?
What are Integrated Resources in the context of STEP?
Which of the following describes Data Exchange File (DXF) in relation to STEP?
Which of the following describes Data Exchange File (DXF) in relation to STEP?
Application Interpreted Constructs (AICs) represent what in STEP?
Application Interpreted Constructs (AICs) represent what in STEP?
What role does the STEPS standard play among CAD systems?
What role does the STEPS standard play among CAD systems?
Which Application Protocol corresponds to Aerospace and Defense?
Which Application Protocol corresponds to Aerospace and Defense?
What is the primary purpose of Application Protocols (APs)?
What is the primary purpose of Application Protocols (APs)?
What does conformance testing ensure in the context of the STEP architecture?
What does conformance testing ensure in the context of the STEP architecture?
What is the primary function of Application Interpreters in the STEP framework?
What is the primary function of Application Interpreters in the STEP framework?
Which of the following best describes the goal of Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support (CALS)?
Which of the following best describes the goal of Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support (CALS)?
Which standard is most notably utilized for defining formats and protocols within CALS?
Which standard is most notably utilized for defining formats and protocols within CALS?
What is the main advantage of using standardized data interchange formats?
What is the main advantage of using standardized data interchange formats?
What does the STEP file format primarily support?
What does the STEP file format primarily support?
Which aspect of STEP architecture contributes to its flexibility across various industries?
Which aspect of STEP architecture contributes to its flexibility across various industries?
Flashcards
CAD Standards
CAD Standards
Guidelines ensuring CAD software works across devices.
GKS
GKS
Graphics Kernel System providing 2D vector graphics features.
IGES
IGES
Initial Graphics Exchange Specification for data exchange in CAD.
DXF
DXF
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STEP
STEP
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CALS
CALS
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PHIGS
PHIGS
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Hardware Independence
Hardware Independence
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GKS Output Primitives
GKS Output Primitives
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POLYLINE
POLYLINE
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POLYMARKER
POLYMARKER
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FILLAREA
FILLAREA
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TEXT in GKS
TEXT in GKS
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Cell Array
Cell Array
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Marker size in POLYMARKER
Marker size in POLYMARKER
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Text path
Text path
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Product Data Management Standards
Product Data Management Standards
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Technical Publications Standards
Technical Publications Standards
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Training and Human Performance Standards
Training and Human Performance Standards
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CALS Integration
CALS Integration
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Life-Cycle Support
Life-Cycle Support
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CELL ARRAY function
CELL ARRAY function
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Data Exchange Standards
Data Exchange Standards
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IGES structure
IGES structure
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Geometric data
Geometric data
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Annotation data
Annotation data
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Assembly data
Assembly data
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Layers in CAD
Layers in CAD
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EXPRESS
EXPRESS
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Application Protocols (APs)
Application Protocols (APs)
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AP 203
AP 203
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AP 209
AP 209
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Integrated Resources
Integrated Resources
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Data Exchange File (DXF)
Data Exchange File (DXF)
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Application Interpreted Constructs (AICs)
Application Interpreted Constructs (AICs)
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Conformance Testing
Conformance Testing
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File Exchange
File Exchange
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Application Interpreters
Application Interpreters
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STEP Architecture
STEP Architecture
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Data Interchange Standards
Data Interchange Standards
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Study Notes
CAD Standards
- CAD standards ensure CAD software is device-independent, connecting to any input device (via a driver) and any graphics display (via a driver).
- Graphical Kernel System (GKS) is a low-level ISO standard for computer graphics established in 1977, suitable for 2D vector graphics. It facilitates portability across different programming languages and hardware. It's designed for mapping and related tasks.
- Open Graphics Library (OpenGL) is a standard for exchanging image data. This standard is useful as part of data exchanging.
Data Exchange Standards
- Standards like IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification), DXF (Drawing and Data Exchange Format), STEP, CALS define the format and content for data exchanged between CAD systems or CAD and other software applications.
- STEP is a globally accepted ISO standard (ISO 10303), enabling communication and collaboration. This standard uses a neutral data format to be used by various types of systems (hardware / software).
- CALS (Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support) is a set of standards to facilitate exchange and management of digital information around design/production/support for defense systems. This aims to enhance efficiency, decrease costs, increase quality in acquiring and supporting defense systems.
- DXF files are neutral format files readable by support systems for STEP.
- IGES facilitates 3D geometric data exchange among various CAD systems.
- IGES uses a hierarchical structure for data organization: Model is divided into entities; Each entity has data elements (location, size, shape, colour). It also supports layers for organizing and editing the model.
Graphics Standards in CAD
- The graphics system is divided into two parts: kernel system (hardware-independent buffer) and device driver (hardware-dependent).
- Application programs use standard functions to interact with the kernel system, and the kernel system interacts with the device driver functions.
GKS (Graphics Kernel System) Details
- The GKS consists of three parts:
- Describes how text and polygonal regions are displayed in a graphics system.
- Explains the details and data for every function (such as descriptions of input/output parameters, result descriptions, and fault circumstances). This list has no language dependence.
- Implementation of functions in computer languages such as C.
- GKS has 12 stages of functionality based on graphical input and output complexity.
- Output stages are (m, 0, 1, 2). Input stages are (A, B, C).
- Ncar GKS has complete execution for bindings at level 0 A.
GKS Output Primitives
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GKS utilizes graphical primitives (POLYLINE, POLYMARKER, FILLAREA, TEXT, CELLARRAY), though implementations might extend the base set.
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POLYLINES: Draw line segments from coordinate arrays. Parameters include line type (solid, dashed), width scaling factor, and color index.
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POLYMARKERS: Draws symbols (dots, pluses, asterisks, circles) at coordinate points. Parameters include marker characters (type of symbol), size factor, and color index.
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FILLAREA: Fills polygon shapes (solid colours, hatch patterns). Parameters include interior style, style index, and color index.
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TEXT: Draws text at a specified point. Parameters include font, precision, expansion factor for height-width ratio, spacing between characters, text colour, height, direction (right, left, up or down) and vertical/horizontal alignment
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CELLARRAY: Displays raster-like images using corner coordinates and partitioning details (M x N sub-rectangles).
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Description
This quiz explores essential CAD standards and data exchange formats such as IGES, DXF, and STEP. You'll learn about the importance of device independence, the functionalities of standards like OpenGL and GKS, and how they aid in interoperability between various CAD systems. Test your knowledge on these crucial concepts in computer-aided design.
