3 Questions
What year did Mahatma Gandhi return to India?
1915
What type of clothing was adopted by Gandhi as a mark of identification with India's rural poor?
Dhoti
What was the indirect goal of Gandhi's last hunger strike?
To pressure India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan
Study Notes
- Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2nd, 1869 in the town of Porbandar in Gujarat, India.
- Gandhi studied law at the Inner Temple in London and was called to the bar in 1891.
- Gandhi moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit.
- In 1915, aged 45, Gandhi returned to India and soon set about organizing peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination.
- Gandhi assumed leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921 and led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding womens rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule.
- Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with Indias rural poor.
- Gandhi began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest.
- In the months following, he undertook several hunger strikes to stop the religious violence.
- The last of these, begun in Delhi on January 12th, 1948, had the indirect goal of pressuring India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan.
- Mahatma Gandhi died on January 30th, 1948.
Test your knowledge on the life of Mahatma Gandhi, from his early years to his leadership of the Indian National Congress and his principles of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience.
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