C Programming: Sparse Matrix

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the function allocate2DArray?

  • To read elements into a 2D array
  • To display a 2D array
  • To dynamically allocate a 2D array (correct)
  • To free the memory allocated for a 2D array

What type of data structure is used to represent the sparse matrix in the provided content?

  • Triplet array (correct)
  • Adjacency matrix
  • Hash table
  • Linked list

How does the function readSparseMatrix determine the number of non-zero elements in the matrix?

  • By calculating the size of the triplet array
  • By using a specific input format to classify entries
  • By keeping track of elements that are not equal to zero (correct)
  • By counting the total number of entries during input

What is the structure of the 'triplet' type used in the code?

<p>It contains fields for row, column, and value. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when free2DArray is called?

<p>All dynamically allocated memory for the 2D array is released (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'triplet' structure in the code?

<p>To represent a non-zero entry in a sparse matrix. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the user selects option 2 from the menu?

<p>A new sparse matrix is read into memory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the user do before using the fast transpose algorithm?

<p>Ensure that a sparse matrix has been read. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function is responsible for freeing the dynamically allocated 2D array?

<p>free2DArray (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if the user tries to read a sparse matrix without allocating the array first?

<p>An error message will be displayed prompting for allocation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following functions is called to display the sparse matrix?

<p>displaySparseMatrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the exit option (5) in the menu do?

<p>Free the memory allocated for the array. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'fastTranspose' function accomplish?

<p>It computes the transpose of the sparse matrix efficiently. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Sparse Matrix Representation in C

  • Sparse matrices are represented using a triplet structure, consisting of row, column, and value to efficiently store non-zero elements.
  • MAX_TERMS is defined as 100, indicating the maximum number of non-zero entries that can be handled.

Data Structuring

  • The triplet struct keeps information for each non-zero matrix entry:
    • row: Indicates the row index of the non-zero value.
    • col: Indicates the column index of the non-zero value.
    • value: The actual non-zero value from the matrix.

Functionality Overview

  • Dynamic Memory Allocation: A function to allocate a 2D array for the matrix dynamically, enhancing memory management.
  • Sparse Matrix Input: A function to read the matrix elements, populating the triplet array with non-zero values.
  • Fast Transpose Algorithm: A function to compute the transpose of the sparse matrix efficiently.
  • Display Functionality: Shows the sparse matrix in triplet format for clarity.
  • The program operates through a menu system allowing user interaction:
    • Options provided include allocation of the 2D array, reading the sparse matrix, computing its transpose, displaying the matrix, and exiting the program.
  • User input is handled for dynamic operations with appropriate prompts and validations.

Memory Management

  • allocate2DArray: A key function that creates a 2D array with the given number of rows and columns.
  • free2DArray: Ensures that the allocated memory for the 2D array is properly deallocated, preventing memory leaks.

Error Handling

  • Validates conditions before executing actions, such as checking if the array is allocated or if the sparse matrix is populated before attempting transpose or display functions.

Implementation Details

  • Uses standard library functions such as malloc for allocation and free for deallocation of memory resources.
  • Matrix elements are read row by row, with non-zero entries stored in the triplet array.

Example Output

  • The program prints a formatted representation of the sparse matrix, listing the non-zero entries alongside their corresponding row and column indices.

Exit Strategy

  • The program ends when the user selects the exit option, ensuring all resources have been freed correctly and providing a clean termination point.

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