C Programming Lecture 2

A sequence of characters, like "Hello World!" or "12345".

A set of instructions that, when executed, solves a given problem.

Programs that interact directly with the hardware, like the operating system.

Programs designed for specific tasks, like word processors, web browsers, or games.

A type of programming language that closely resembles machine code and requires a programmer to know the intricacies of computer hardware.

A type of programming language that is more abstract and easier for humans to read and write, hiding the complexities of the computer's internal workings.

A computer's central processing unit (CPU), which executes instructions and performs calculations.

The instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task.

A special kind of notation used by computer scientists to represent data and algorithms.

A commonly used unit to measure the size of computer memory, often used for RAM or storage. Stands for Gigabytes.

One Megabyte is equal to 1024 Kilobytes.

The .c extension is used for files containing code written in the C programming language.

In C programming, "//" indicates a comment line, which is ignored by the compiler and is typically used to add explanations or notes about the code.

A C program undergoes a series of steps before it can run, starting with writing the code, then compiling it (converting it to machine instructions), and finally executing it.

The printf() function in C programming is used to display text or variables on the computer screen.

A sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes.

A function that writes to the standard output, usually the monitor.

A special character sequence that formats output in printf(). Examples: \n for new line, \t for tab, \ for backslash.

Words with special meaning in the C language that cannot be used as variable names. Examples: return, main, include, int.

The function that marks the starting point of program execution. Every C program must have one.

A function in the stdio library that reads data from the user input and stores it into a variable.

Text written in the code that is ignored by the compiler. They provide explanations and help in debugging.

A symbol used to separate C statements. Similar to the full stop in a sentence.

A text file containing a program written in the C programming language. It typically has a '.c' extension.

A directive that tells the preprocessor to include the contents of a specified header file in the source code.

Collections of pre-written functions that provide standard functionality for C programs.

Header files associated with C libraries, containing declarations of functions and variables.

A function that marks the starting point of program execution. It always returns an integer value.

The tangible parts of a computer system, including components like the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and peripherals.

The intangible part of a computer system, which includes programs, operating systems, and data.

The brain of the computer, responsible for processing instructions and data.

The computer's temporary storage, where data is loaded for quick access.

The main circuit board in a computer, connecting all components and devices.

People who interact with and use computer systems.

A device that can accept and process data, and transform it into meaningful information.

A widely used programming language developed in 1978 by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Laboratories. It was initially designed for writing the UNIX operating system and is known for its efficiency and portability.

Instructions given to a computer to perform a specific task. These instructions are written in a programming language and follow a step-by-step procedure.

A step-by-step procedure or instructions that solve a problem. It's the foundation for writing programs.

A set of instructions that a computer executes to perform a task. These instructions are written in a programming language.

The process of converting human-readable code into machine-executable code. It makes the program ready to run on the computer.

The process of executing a program's instructions. It involves the computer following each instruction in the compiled program.

A function in a program that marks its starting point. It is where the program begins execution.

The process of transforming code into machine-executable instructions. It involves stages like compilation, linking, and loading.

Data that the computer can access and modify very quickly. It's like the computer's short-term memory.

A sequence of 8 bits, often used to represent a character like a letter or a number.

A type of memory that allows data to be stored persistently for long periods, like hard drives or flash drives. It's like the computer's long-term memory.

A way of organizing computer systems where the CPU can access both instructions and data from the same memory location.

A system of representing numbers using only the digits 0 and 1. Each digit's position in the number represents a power of 2.

A program that controls and manages the computer's resources, such as the processor, memory, storage, and devices. It creates an interface for users to interact with the computer.

Specialized programs that allow specific devices, such as printers or scanners, to communicate with the computer system.

Programs that perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources.