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C Programming Decision Control Statements

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C Programming Decision Control Statements

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of decision control statements in C programming?

To execute statements sequentially regardless of conditions.
To create condensed code that does not require conditions.
To eliminate unnecessary loops in the program.
To execute a group of statements based on whether a condition is true or false. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a type of decision-making control statement in C?

Ternary Operator (correct)
Switch..case Statement
The if Statement
The if..else Statement

In the if statement, what happens if the condition evaluates to false?

The statements inside the IF body are executed.
The program terminates immediately.
The statements inside the IF body are skipped. (correct)
The program enters an infinite loop.

What is the required syntax for an if statement in C?

<p>if (condition) { statements } (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the if...else construct?

<p>It executes the else block when the if condition is false. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a nested if statement allow a programmer to do?

<p>Place one if statement inside another if statement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the switch..case statement?

<p>It is best used when comparing multiple values of a single variable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the following code if a = 5 and b = 5? if (a == b) { printf("%d is equal to %d", a, b); }

<p>5 is equal to 5. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if the condition in an IF statement evaluates to true?

<p>The statements within the IF block will be executed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct syntax for an IF statement in C?

<p>if (condition) { statement; } (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the syntax of the conditional operator, what does the expression 'condition ? Statement1 : Statement2;' evaluate?

<p>The expression evaluates Statement1 if the condition is true and Statement2 if false. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical use case for the IF-ELSE structure in algorithms?

<p>To execute statements based on boolean evaluations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the ELSE block in an IF-ELSE structure is true?

<p>The ELSE block executes only if the IF condition evaluates to falsy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 'a' and 'b' are both equal, what output will the corresponding C program produce?

<p>a and b are equal. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should the conditional operator be preferred over an IF-ELSE statement?

<p>For assignments where brevity is needed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'read(a,b)' operation in the algorithm example?

<p>To take input values for a and b from the user. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Decision Control Statements

A control statement that executes different code blocks based on whether a condition is true or false.

if Statement

A conditional statement that executes a set of statements only if a given condition is true.

if Statement Flowchart

A flowchart shape representing the execution flow of an if statement based on the condition being true or false.

Condition

The expression that evaluates to either true or false, determining the execution path in a decision control statement.

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The if..else Statements

A conditional statement that provides two code blocks: one for when the condition is true and another for when it's false.

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if..else Statement Flowchart

A flowchart representation of the execution flow of an if..else statement, visualizing how the program chooses between the true and false paths.

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Conditional Operator

Also known as the ternary operator, it's a compact way to express conditional statements similar to the 'if-else' statement, using three operands.

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Condition in Conditional Operator

The first operand of the conditional operator, which evaluates to either true or false, determining which of the subsequent expressions will be executed.

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Statement1 in Conditional Operator

The expression executed when the condition in a conditional operator evaluates to true.

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Statement2 in Conditional Operator

The expression executed when the condition in a conditional operator evaluates to false.

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Nested..if Statements

A decision control statement involving nested 'if-else' statements to handle multiple conditions hierarchically.

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switch..case Statements

A conditional statement using a 'switch' keyword and multiple 'case' labels to choose one block of code based on the value of a variable.

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Case Block

A code block within a 'switch' statement that is executed if the variable's value matches the corresponding 'case' label.

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Case Label

A value associated with a 'case' label in a 'switch' statement, used to compare with the variable's value.

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break in switch..case

Keyword used to end a 'case' block in a 'switch' statement, preventing unintended code execution.

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default case in switch..case

A default code block in a 'switch' statement that is executed if no 'case' label matches the variable's value.

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Study Notes

Decision Control Statements

Decision control statements execute a group of statements based on a condition.
There are four types of decision control statements in the C programming language:
- The if Statement
- The if..else statements
- Nested..if statements
- switch..case statements

The if Statement

The if statement provides decision-making capabilities in C.

Syntax:

if (condition) {
    statement/s to be executed if condition is true;
}

If the condition in the if statement evaluates to true, the statements within the curly braces are executed. If the condition is false, the statements are skipped.
Flowchart: The flowchart shows that if the 'condition' is true, then the 'statement' is executed; otherwise, the program continues without executing the 'statement'.

The if..else Statements

If..else statements execute a set of statements when the condition is true and another set of statements when the condition is false.

Syntax:

if (condition) {
    statement/s to be executed if condition is true;
} else {
    statement/s to be executed if condition is false;
}

If the condition is true, the statements inside the first curly braces are executed. If the condition is false, the statements inside the second curly braces are executed.
Flowchart: The flowchart visualizes the execution flow. Based on the 'condition', either the 'true statement' or the 'false statement' is executed.

Conditional Operator

Also known as the ternary operator, the conditional operator works with three operands and behaves similarly to the 'if-else' statement.
Syntax:
```
condition ? Statement1 : Statement 2;
```
If the condition is true, Statement1 is executed. If the condition is false, Statement2 is executed.
This is a shorter and more concise way to express simple conditional statements compared to the 'if-else' statement.

Example of Conditional Operators

Example 1: Finding the maximum value between two variables 'a' and 'b' and assigning it to 'z':
```
z = (a > b) ? a : b;
```
- This is equivalent to the following 'if-else' statement:
```
if (a > b)
    z = a;
else
    z = b;
```

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of decision control statements in C programming. This quiz covers various types, including if statements, if..else statements, nested if, and switch..case statements. Test your understanding of how these statements control the flow of a program based on specified conditions.

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