C Programming Concepts Quiz

The types of operators in C include arithmetic, relational, logical, assignment, increment/decrement, bitwise, conditional, and comma operators.

// C program to compute roots of a quadratic equation
#include 
#include 
int main() {
    float a, b, c, discriminant, root1, root2;
    // code to take input of a, b, and c
    // code to compute discriminant
    // code to compute roots using quadratic formula
    // code to print the roots with appropriate messages
    return 0;
}```

The purpose of a looping statement in C is to execute a block of code repeatedly based on a condition.

// C program to generate Armstrong numbers between given limits
#include 
int main() {
    int num, originalNum, remainder, result = 0;
    // code to take input of lower and upper limits
    // code to iterate through numbers and check for Armstrong property
    // code to print the Armstrong numbers
    return 0;
}```

The basic structure of a C program includes the preprocessor directive, global declarations, main function, and other functions if required. It also includes comments for better understanding.

Binary search is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array. It compares the target value to the middle element of the array and continues narrowing down the search until the value is found or the search space is empty. The C program for binary search should take a sorted array and a target value as input, and return the index of the target value if found.

// C program to perform linear search
#include 
int main() {
    int arr[] = { /* array elements */ };
    int n, key;
    // code to take input of array elements and key to search
    // code to iterate through the array and perform linear search
    // code to print the index if found, else print 'Not found'
    return 0;
}```

// C program to sort 'n' numbers using insertion sort
#include 
int main() {
    int arr[] = {65, 25, 12, 22, 13};
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
    // code to perform insertion sort
    // code to print the sorted array
    return 0;
}```

// C program to sort 'n' numbers using selection sort
#include 
int main() {
    int arr[] = {650, 25, 121, 22, 131};
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
    // code to perform selection sort
    // code to print the sorted array
    return 0;
}```

Function prototypes in C can be classified as library functions and user-defined functions. Library functions are predefined functions provided by C libraries, while user-defined functions are created by the user. For example, 'int sum(int a, int b);' is a user-defined function prototype, and 'int printf(const char *format, ...);' is a library function prototype.

// C program for a Scientific calculator using built-in functions
#include 
#include 
int main() {
    // code to display menu for scientific operations
    // code to take input of operation and numbers
    // code to perform the selected operation using built-in functions
    // code to display the result
    return 0;
}```

A function in C is a block of code that performs a specific task. It can be called and executed from different parts of the program. For example, 'int sum(int a, int b) { return a + b; }' is a function that takes two integers as input and returns their sum.

// C program to implement the sine series using recursion
#include 
#include 
// function to calculate factorial
int factorial(int n) {
    // code to calculate factorial using recursion
}
// function to calculate sine series using recursion
double sineSeries(double x, int n) {
    // code to calculate sine series using recursion
}
int main() {
    // code to take input of angle in radians and number of terms
    // code to call the sineSeries function and print the result
    return 0;
}```

// C program for finding the factorial of a number
#include 
int main() {
    int num;
    int factorial = 1;
    // code to take input of the number
    // code to calculate the factorial using a loop
    // code to print the factorial
    return 0;
}```

// C program for generating the Fibonacci numbers
#include 
int main() {
    int n, first = 0, second = 1, next, c;
    // code to take input of the number of terms
    // code to generate and print the Fibonacci series
    return 0;
}```

A linked list is a linear data structure where elements are linked using pointers. Each element points to the next element in the list, forming a chain. The C program to implement a linked list should include the definition of the node structure, functions to perform operations like insertion, deletion, and traversal, and a main function to demonstrate the operations.