C Operators Overview

Overview of C Operators

• Definition: Operators are special symbols used in C programming to perform operations on variables and values.

Types of Operators

1. Arithmetic Operators

   • Used for mathematical calculations.
   • Examples:
     • Addition (+)
     • Subtraction (-)
     • Multiplication (*)
     • Division (/)
     • Modulus (%)

2. Relational Operators

   • Used to compare two values.
   • Examples:
     • Equal to (==)
     • Not equal to (!=)
     • Greater than (>)
     • Less than (<)
     • Greater than or equal to (>=)
     • Less than or equal to (<=)

3. Logical Operators

   • Used to combine or invert boolean values.
   • Examples:
     • Logical AND (&&)
     • Logical OR (||)
     • Logical NOT (!)

4. Bitwise Operators

   • Operate on bits and perform bit-level operations.
   • Examples:
     • Bitwise AND (&)
     • Bitwise OR (|)
     • Bitwise XOR (^)
     • Left shift (<<)
     • Right shift (>>)

5. Assignment Operators

   • Used to assign values to variables.
   • Examples:
     • Simple assignment (=)
     • Add and assign (+=)
     • Subtract and assign (-=)
     • Multiply and assign (*=)
     • Divide and assign (/=)
     • Modulus and assign (%=)

6. Increment and Decrement Operators

   • Used to increase or decrease a variable's value by 1.
   • Examples:
     • Increment (++)
     • Decrement (--)
   • Can be used in prefix (++x or --x) or postfix (x++ or x--) forms.

7. Conditional (Ternary) Operator

   • A shorthand for if-else statements.
   • Syntax: condition ? expression_if_true : expression_if_false

8. Comma Operator

   • Used to separate multiple expressions.
   • Evaluates each expression from left to right and returns the last expression's value.

9. Sizeof Operator

   • Returns the size (in bytes) of a variable or data type.
   • Syntax: sizeof(type) or sizeof(variable)

10. Pointer Operators

    • Used with pointers.
    • Examples:
      • Address-of operator (&)
      • Dereference operator (*)

Operator Precedence and Associativity

• Operator Precedence: Determines the order in which operators are evaluated in an expression (higher precedence operators are evaluated first).
• Associativity: Determines the order operators of equal precedence are processed (left to right or right to left).

Summary

• Operators in C are essential for conducting operations within programs.
• They can be categorized into arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, assignment, increment/decrement, conditional, comma, sizeof, and pointer operators.
• Understanding how to use these operators effectively is crucial for writing efficient C code.

C Operators

• Operators are special symbols in C used to perform operations on variables and values.
• Arithmetic operators are for mathematical calculations.
  • Addition (+)
  • Subtraction (-)
  • Multiplication (*)
  • Division (/)
  • Modulus (%)
• Relational operators compare two values.
  • Equal to (==)
  • Not equal to (!=)
  • Greater than (>)
  • Less than (<)
  • Greater than or equal to (>=)
  • Less than or equal to (<=)