C++ Operators & Expressions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following describes what operators do in expressions?

They replace variables with their values.

They convert expressions into strings.

They instruct to perform mathematical or logical operations on operands. (correct)

They evaluate constants only.

What is an example of an arithmetic operator?

* (correct)

Which type of operator is used to determine the equality between two values?

Conditional Operator

Relational Operator (correct)

Logical Operator

Arithmetic Operator

What does the modulus operator (%) do in an expression?

Calculates the division remainder between two operands. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following operators is NOT classified under arithmetic operators?

Logical AND (&&) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes binary operators?

Operators that require two operands to perform their operations. Signup and view all the answers

In C++, which of the following is an example of a conditional operator?

? : Signup and view all the answers

What type of expression yields a numeric value in C?

Expressions that contain constants, variables, and operators. Signup and view all the answers

What will the output of the addition operation be in the provided code?

24 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the variable 'a' after executing 'b = a++' if 'a' initially equals 5?

6 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines a unary operator?

An operator that operates on one operand only. Signup and view all the answers

What will the result of the modulus operation be for 'a = 22' and 'b = 2'?

0 Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes prefix notation?

The operator directly modifies the operand before it is used. Signup and view all the answers

If 'a' is decremented using 'b = --a' where 'a' starts at 5, what will 'b' be after execution?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of assignment operators in programming?

To assign a value to a variable. Signup and view all the answers

After executing 'a--' on a variable initialized to 5, what will the new value of 'a' be?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of 'a%=5' if the initial value of 'a' is 12?

3 Signup and view all the answers

Which operator has the lowest precedence?

= Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression 'a%2==0' evaluate to if 'a' is 8?

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of executing 'Value = (x = 2, y = 3, x + y);'?

5 Signup and view all the answers

If the initial value of 'a' is 50, what will be the value of 'a' after performing 'a *= 2'?

100 Signup and view all the answers

Which relational operator will return true when comparing 4 and 4?

<blockquote> = </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression 'a+=5' do to the value of 'a'?

Adds 5 to 'a' Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of 'printf("\na=%d", a);' after initializing 'a' as 45?

a=45 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the scanf() function?

To read character, string, and numeric data from the keyboard Signup and view all the answers

Which format specifier would you use to read a long integer value?

%ld Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between getch() and getchar()?

getch() does not display the entered character, while getchar() does Signup and view all the answers

In the following scanf() statement, what does the argument %f represent? scanf("%f", &rsFloat);

A float value Signup and view all the answers

Which header file is required to use the getch() function?

conio.h Signup and view all the answers

What will the following code segment output for the character input 'b': printf("Character is %c \n", ch);

Character is b Signup and view all the answers

Which format specifier is used for reading a double type value?

%lf Signup and view all the answers

What type of value will the scanf() function return?

The number of inputs successfully read Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the code segment with the defined macro for Max when given inputs 5 and 2?

5 Signup and view all the answers

What type of statement is an 'if' statement classified as?

Control statement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of preprocessor macros in C++?

To define constants and inline code Signup and view all the answers

In a nested if...else structure, what happens when the initial condition is false?

The else block executes only. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following operators is NOT used in forming conditional expressions?

++ Signup and view all the answers

What does the macro defined as #define PI 3.14 represent?

A constant value for PI Signup and view all the answers

How are macros processed in C++ compared to regular functions?

Macros are inlined and do not have function call overhead. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Operators & Expressions

Operators perform mathematical or logical operations on data types known as operands.
Expressions consist of constants, variables, and operators, yielding numeric values upon evaluation.
C language supports various operators: arithmetic, logical, relational, etc.

Types of Operators

Arithmetic Operators: Perform basic calculations (e.g., addition, subtraction).
Increment & Decrement Operators: Unary operators modifying a single operand (e.g., ++, --).
Assignment Operators: Assign values to variables using = (e.g., +=, -=).
Relational Operators: Compare two operands returning true or false (e.g., <, >, >=).
Logical Operators: Combine multiple conditions (e.g., &&, ||).
Conditional Operators: Inline if-else operations (e.g., condition ? true : false).
Bitwise Operators: Perform operations on binary representations of integers.
Special Operators: Include unique functionalities like the comma operator that evaluates expressions from left to right.

Arithmetic Operators

Execute basic math functions requiring two operands (binary operators).
Common operations include:
- Addition (+): a + b
- Subtraction (-): a - b
- Multiplication (*): a * b
- Division (/): a / b
- Modulus (%): Remainder of division (e.g., a % b).

Increment & Decrement Operators

Operate on a single operand and can be used as:
- Postfix notation (a++): Increments after the current expression.
- Prefix notation (++a): Increments before the current expression.

Assignment Operators

Assign values using =, with lower precedence than other operators.
Variants include:
- =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %= for various operations.

Relational Operators

Return Boolean results (true or false).
Common operators:
- <: Less than
- >: Greater than
- >=: Greater than or equal to
- ==: Equal to

Comma Operator

Links related expressions, evaluated left to right.
Example: Value = (x = 2, y = 3, x + y); calculates in sequential order.

scanf() and getch() Functions

scanf(): Reads various data types from user input using specific format specifiers (e.g., %d for integers, %f for floats).
getch(): Accepts a character input without displaying it, used for hidden input functionality.

getchar() Function

Similar to getch(), but displays the character after input.
Helpful for scenarios requiring immediate feedback to the user.

Macros

Macros are defined using #define and serve as shorthand for code snippets.
They are type-neutral and inline, avoiding function call overhead.

Control Statements

Guide program flow based on conditions and logic.
Classified into three categories: Decision making, Looping, and Jumping statements.

Decision Making Statements

Used to execute different logic based on whether a condition is true or false.
Commonly implemented using if statements, including:
- Simple if: Executes if a condition is true.
- if-else: Provides an alternative execution path when condition is false.
- Nested if...else: Handles multiple related conditions.

Example of Decision Making

Control flow based on whether a number is positive or negative using if statements:
- If condition evaluates true, execute specific block; otherwise execute the alternate block.

These notes encapsulate the fundamental aspects of operators, expressions, and control statements in C++, offering a comprehensive guide on their usage and functionality.

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Description

Test your knowledge of operators and expressions in C++. This quiz will cover the different categories of operators and their usage in mathematical and logical operations. Understanding these concepts is crucial for mastering C++ programming.